屈光参差诱发的近距工作诱导性近视（NITM）。

Nearwork-induced transient myopia (NITM) in anisometropia.

机构信息

Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Science Key Lab, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.

出版信息

Ophthalmic Physiol Opt. 2013 May;33(3):311-7. doi: 10.1111/opo.12049.

DOI:10.1111/opo.12049

PMID:23662963

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To assess the magnitude of nearwork-induced transient myopia (NITM) under binocular viewing conditions separately in each eye of individuals with mild to moderate anisometropia to determine the relationship between NITM and their interocular refractive error.

METHODS

Forty-three children and young adults with anisometropia [cycloplegic spherical equivalent (SE) difference >1.00 D] were tested (ages 9-28 years). NITM was measured with binocular viewing separately in each eye after binocularly performing a sustained near task (5 D) for 5 min incorporating a cognitive demand using an open-field, infrared autorefractor (Grand-Seiko, WAM-5500). Data were averaged over 10 s bins for 3 min in each eye. Initial NITM, its decay time (DT), and its decay area (DA) were determined. A-scan ultrasound ocular biometry was also performed to determine the axial length of each eye.

RESULTS

The more myopic eye exhibited increased initial NITM, DT, and DA as compared to the less myopic eye (0.21 ± 0.16 D vs 0.15 ± 0.13 D, p = 0.026; 108.4 ± 64.3 secs vs 87.0 ± 65.2 secs, p = 0.04; and 17.6 ± 18.7 Dsecs vs 12.3 ± 15.7 Dsecs, p = 0.064), respectively. The difference in DA and the difference in SE between the more versus less myopic eye were significantly correlated (r = 0.31, p = 0.044). Furthermore, 63% (27/43), 56% (24/43), and 70% (30/43) of the more myopic eyes exhibited increased initial NITM, longer DT, and larger DA, respectively, than found in the less myopic eye.

CONCLUSIONS

In approximately two-thirds of the anisometropic individuals, the initial NITM and its decay area were significantly increased in the more myopic eye as compared to the less myopic eye. NITM may play an important role in the development of interocular differences in myopia, although a causal relationship is yet to be established. Furthermore, the findings have potentially important implications regarding accommodative control and interocular accommodative responsitivity in anisometropia, in particular for anisomyopia.

摘要

目的

分别评估双眼注视条件下轻中度屈光参差个体的近距诱导性短暂性近视（NITM）的幅度，以确定 NITM 与双眼屈光不正之间的关系。

方法

对 43 名屈光参差儿童和年轻人（双眼散瞳等效球镜度差异>1.00 D）进行测试（年龄 9-28 岁）。使用开放式、红外自动折射仪（Grand-Seiko，WAM-5500），在双眼进行 5 分钟持续近距任务（5 D）的同时进行认知要求，分别测试双眼的 NITM。数据在每只眼睛中每 3 分钟以 10 秒为间隔平均 10 秒。确定初始 NITM、衰减时间（DT）和衰减面积（DA）。还进行了 A 扫描超声眼生物测量以确定每只眼的眼轴长度。

结果

与非近视眼相比，近视程度较高的眼睛表现出更高的初始 NITM、DT 和 DA（0.21 ± 0.16 D 比 0.15 ± 0.13 D，p = 0.026；108.4 ± 64.3 秒比 87.0 ± 65.2 秒，p = 0.04；17.6 ± 18.7 Dsecs 比 12.3 ± 15.7 Dsecs，p = 0.064）。近视程度较高的眼睛与近视程度较低的眼睛之间的 DA 差异和 SE 差异呈显著相关（r = 0.31，p = 0.044）。此外，63%（27/43）、56%（24/43）和 70%（30/43）的近视程度较高的眼睛的初始 NITM、DT 较长和 DA 较大，分别与近视程度较低的眼睛相比。