染色质中 AIDS 诱导的 DNA 损伤反应。
The AID-induced DNA damage response in chromatin.
机构信息
Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3b, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark.
出版信息
Mol Cell. 2013 May 9;50(3):309-21. doi: 10.1016/j.molcel.2013.04.017.
Abstract
Chemical modifications to the DNA and histone protein components of chromatin can modulate gene expression and genome stability. Understanding the physiological impact of changes in chromatin structure remains an important question in biology. As one example, in order to generate antibody diversity with somatic hypermutation and class switch recombination, chromatin must be made accessible for activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID)-mediated deamination of cytosines in DNA. These lesions are recognized and removed by various DNA repair pathways but, if not handled properly, can lead to formation of oncogenic chromosomal translocations. In this review, we focus the discussion on how chromatin-modifying activities and -binding proteins contribute to the native chromatin environment in which AID-induced DNA damage is targeted and repaired. Outstanding questions remain regarding the direct roles of histone posttranslational modifications and the significance of AID function outside of antibody diversity.
摘要
染色质的 DNA 和组蛋白成分的化学修饰可以调节基因表达和基因组稳定性。了解染色质结构变化的生理影响仍然是生物学中的一个重要问题。例如，为了通过体细胞超突变和类别转换重组产生抗体多样性，染色质必须变得可用于激活诱导的胞嘧啶脱氨酶（AID）介导的 DNA 中胞嘧啶的脱氨。这些损伤被各种 DNA 修复途径识别和清除，但如果处理不当，可能导致致癌染色体易位的形成。在这篇综述中，我们将讨论的重点放在染色质修饰活性和结合蛋白如何有助于 AID 诱导的 DNA 损伤靶向和修复的天然染色质环境上。关于组蛋白翻译后修饰的直接作用以及 AID 功能在抗体多样性之外的重要性，仍存在悬而未决的问题。
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