Department of Physics, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen 91052, Germany.
Exp Cell Res. 2013 Oct 1;319(16):2418-23. doi: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2013.04.023. Epub 2013 May 9.
Migrating cells generate traction forces to counteract the movement-resisting forces arising from cell-internal stresses and matrix adhesions. In the case of collective migration in a cell colony, or in the case of 3-dimensional migration through connective tissue, movement-resisting forces arise also from external stresses. Although the deformation of a stiffer cell or matrix causes larger movement-resisting forces, at the same time a larger stiffness can also promote cell migration due to a feedback between forces, deformations, and deformation speed that is mediated by the acto-myosin contractile machinery of cells. This mechanical feedback is also important for stiffness sensing, durotaxis, plithotaxis, and collective migration in cell colonies.
迁移细胞会产生牵引力，以抵消细胞内部应力和基质附着产生的运动阻力。在细胞群体的集体迁移中，或者在通过结缔组织的 3 维迁移中，运动阻力也来自外部压力。虽然更硬的细胞或基质的变形会导致更大的运动阻力，但同时更大的刚度也可以通过细胞的肌动球蛋白收缩机制来促进细胞迁移，因为力、变形和变形速度之间存在反馈。这种机械反馈对于细胞群体中的刚性感知、趋硬性、趋触性和集体迁移也很重要。
