Weglowska Jolanta, Reich Adam, Walów Bronisława, Szepietowski Jacek C
Department of Dermatology, Regional Hospital, Wrocław, Poland;
Int J Biomed Sci. 2006 Feb;2(1):29-33.
Renal transplant recipients (RTR) are regarded as a group especially predisposed to onychomycosis. The exact mechanism of increased frequency of onychomycosis in RTR is however not fully understood.
This study was undertaken to evaluate activity of hydrolitic enzymes of fungi most commonly causing fungal nail infections in RTR and to compare it with enzymatic activity of the same fungi isolated from lesional nails in immunocompetent patients.
28 strains of yeast-like fungi cultured from lesional nails in RTR and 25 strains of yeasts isolated from changed nails in immunocompetent patients were included into the study. All fungi were identified on the basis of routine mycological procedures. Activity of 19 hydrolytic enzymes was assessed by API ZYMÒ test (bioMerieux).
Fungi cultured from RTR showed activity of 16 out of 19 enzymes, whereas fungi isolated from immunocompetent patients only 11 out of 19 enzymes. Moreover, yeast-like fungi isolated from RTR showed higher generally higher activity of detected enzymes compared to yeast strains obtained from the lesional nails of immunocompetent patients.
This study shows for the first time enhanced enzymatic activity of yeast-like fungi isolated from lesional nails in RTR in comparison to fungi cultured from changed nails in immunocompetent patients. It is hypothesized that this enhanced enzymatic activity may be responsible for higher incidence of onychomycosis in RTR.
肾移植受者（RTR）被视为特别易患甲癣的群体。然而，RTR中甲癣发病率增加的确切机制尚未完全明确。
本研究旨在评估RTR中最常引起甲真菌病的真菌水解酶活性，并将其与从免疫功能正常患者病甲中分离出的相同真菌的酶活性进行比较。
本研究纳入了28株从RTR病甲中培养的酵母样真菌菌株以及25株从免疫功能正常患者病变指甲中分离出的酵母菌株。所有真菌均通过常规真菌学程序进行鉴定。采用API ZYM测试（生物梅里埃公司）评估19种水解酶的活性。
从RTR中培养的真菌显示出19种酶中的16种具有活性，而从免疫功能正常患者中分离出的真菌仅19种酶中的11种具有活性。此外，与从免疫功能正常患者病甲中获得的酵母菌株相比，从RTR中分离出的酵母样真菌检测到的酶活性总体上更高。
本研究首次表明，与从免疫功能正常患者病变指甲中培养的真菌相比，从RTR病甲中分离出的酵母样真菌的酶活性增强。据推测，这种增强的酶活性可能是RTR中甲癣发病率较高的原因。
