Unit of Mycology and Parasitology, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Mycoses. 2012 Mar;55(2):161-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0507.2011.02055.x. Epub 2011 Jul 8.
Black yeast-like fungi are rarely reported from superficial infections. We noticed a consistent prevalence of these organisms as single isolations from mycological routine specimens. To investigate the prevalence of black yeast-like fungi in skin, hair and nail specimens and to discuss the probability of these species to be involved in disease. Slow-growing black yeast-like fungi in routine specimens were prospectively collected and identified. A questionnaire regarding patient information was sent to physicians regarding black yeast-like fungus positive patients. A total of 20,746 dermatological specimens were examined by culture. Black yeast-like fungi accounted for 2.2% (n=108) of the positive cultures. Only 31.0% of the samples, culture positive for black yeast-like fungi were direct microscopy positive when compared with overall 68.8% of the culture positive specimens. The most prevalent species were Phialophora europaea (n=29), Coniosporium epidermidis (n=12), Ochroconis cf. humicola (n=6) and Cladophialophora boppii (n=4). These are not common saprobes and thus less likely to be coincidental colonizers. In 10/30 cases, discolouration of nail/skin had been noticed. A limited number of black yeast-like fungi were repeatedly isolated from routine specimens suggesting that they may play a role in superficial infections or as colonizers.
黑酵母样真菌在浅部感染中很少被报道。我们注意到这些生物体作为真菌常规标本的单一分离物，其出现率始终保持一致。为了调查黑酵母样真菌在皮肤、毛发和指甲标本中的流行情况，并探讨这些物种参与疾病的可能性。我们前瞻性地收集了常规标本中的生长缓慢的黑酵母样真菌，并对其进行了鉴定。我们向医生发送了一份关于黑酵母样真菌阳性患者的患者信息调查问卷。共检查了 20746 份皮肤科标本。黑酵母样真菌占阳性培养物的 2.2%（n=108）。与总体阳性培养物的 68.8%相比，直接显微镜检查阳性的黑酵母样真菌培养物仅占 31.0%。最常见的物种是嗜热毁丝霉（n=29）、表皮瓶霉（n=12）、近似棒孢霉（n=6）和粗球腔菌（n=4）。这些并不是常见的腐生菌，因此不太可能是偶然的定植菌。在 10/30 例病例中，指甲/皮肤变色已被注意到。从常规标本中反复分离出有限数量的黑酵母样真菌，这表明它们可能在浅部感染中发挥作用或作为定植菌。
