Department of Applied Medicine and Rehabilitation, Indiana State University, Terre Haute, IN 47809, USA.
J Athl Train. 2013 May-Jun;48(3):416-23. doi: 10.4085/1062-6050-48.2.01. Epub 2013 Feb 20.
Life-work balance may be one reason for retention concerns among athletic trainers (ATs), yet evidence does not exist to support the supposition.
To assess the perceptions of ATs regarding life-work balance, specifically on parenting issues.
Survey.
Online survey at www.surveymonkey.com .
A random sample of National Athletic Trainers' Association members (N = 9516) received the survey; 20.6% (n = 1962; male = 954, female = 816; age = 37 ± 10 years, experience = 13 ± 9 years) completed any portion of the survey. Most respondents worked in the college/university (34.5%, n = 657 of 1908) and secondary school settings (25.9%, n = 476 of 1908). A majority of participants (50.7%, n = 898 of 1770) were parents.
INTERVENTION(S): We calculated frequencies and percentages and used Mann-Whitney U tests and Kruskal-Wallis tests to identify the differences between sexes and among job settings on life-work balance measures among parents.
The questionnaire included 8 life-work balance items, 7 parenting challenge items, and 3 nonparent items.
The results indicate that sex and setting significantly affected perceptions about parenting. Males articulated a stronger sense of difficulty in finding balance as a working parent (P < .001; 1.95 ± 1.98). Females felt more strongly than males that managing work and family was stressful (P = .04; 3.86 ± 1.13) and caused burnout (P = .004; 3.50 ± 1.24), and that their energy tended to fall short of their needs (P < .001; 3.74 ± 1.15). The decision not to have children was strongly affected by the work setting (P = .014; 3.37 ± 1.42). Both college/university (4.14 ± 0.85) and secondary school (4.03 ± 0.90) ATs would prefer to spend more time at home, as compared with ATs in other settings (P < .001). College/university ATs (P = .025; 3.17 ± 1.23) felt most strongly that their families were neglected because of work. In none of the settings did ATs feel that their employment settings were particularly tolerant of their parenting responsibilities (P = .027; 1.72 ± 1.97).
Male and female employees had similar perceptions of life-work balance, but occupational setting may affect these perceptions.
工作与生活的平衡可能是导致运动训练师（ATs）留任问题的一个原因，但目前尚无证据支持这一假设。
评估 ATs 对工作与生活平衡的看法，特别是对育儿问题的看法。
调查。
www.surveymonkey.com 的在线调查。
国家运动训练师协会（NATA）的随机样本成员（N=9516）收到了调查；20.6%（n=1962；男性=954，女性=816；年龄=37±10 岁，经验=13±9 年）完成了调查的任何部分。大多数受访者在学院/大学（34.5%，n=657/1908）和中学（25.9%，n=476/1908）工作。大多数参与者（50.7%，n=898/1770）是父母。
我们计算了频率和百分比，并使用 Mann-Whitney U 检验和 Kruskal-Wallis 检验来确定性别和工作环境对父母生活与工作平衡措施的差异。
问卷包括 8 项工作与生活平衡项目、7 项育儿挑战项目和 3 项非父母项目。
结果表明，性别和工作环境显著影响了对育儿的看法。男性作为有工作的父母，表达了更强的平衡工作与生活的困难感（P<.001；1.95±1.98）。女性比男性更强烈地认为管理工作和家庭是有压力的（P=.04；3.86±1.13），会导致倦怠（P=.004；3.50±1.24），并且她们的精力往往无法满足需求（P<.001；3.74±1.15）。是否要孩子的决定强烈受到工作环境的影响（P=.014；3.37±1.42）。与其他工作环境的 ATs 相比，学院/大学（4.14±0.85）和中学（4.03±0.90）的 ATs 更愿意花更多的时间在家（P<.001）。学院/大学的 ATs（P=.025；3.17±1.23）最强烈地认为他们的家庭因工作而被忽视。在任何工作环境中，ATs 都没有感觉到他们的工作环境对他们的育儿责任特别宽容（P=.027；1.72±1.97）。
男性和女性员工对工作与生活平衡的看法相似，但职业环境可能会影响这些看法。
