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性行为的生物标志物:改善 HIV/性传播感染预防研究中测量的工具。

Biological markers of sexual activity: tools for improving measurement in HIV/sexually transmitted infection prevention research.

机构信息

Division of Reproductive Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341-3724, USA.

出版信息

Sex Transm Dis. 2013 Jun;40(6):447-52. doi: 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e31828b2f77.

Abstract

Research on interventions to prevent HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs) is heavily influenced by participant reporting of sexual behavior, despite uncertainty about its validity. Exclusive reliance on participant self-report often is based, overtly or by implication, on 4 assumptions: (1) no feasible alternatives exist; (2) misreporting can be minimized to levels that can be disregarded; (3) misreporting tends to underreport sensitive behaviors; and (4) misreporting tends to be nondifferential with respect to the groups being compared. The objective of this review are to evaluate these assumptions, including a review of studies using semen biomarkers to evaluate the validity of self-reported data, and to make recommendations for applying biological markers of semen exposure detectable in women to further strengthen research on HIV/STI prevention. Increasing evidence shows that semen biomarkers provide an important means of assessing and augmenting the validity of studies on HIV/STI prevention. Additional biomarkers are needed to assess male exposure to vaginal sex and both male and female exposure to anal sex. Methods and study designs that incorporate biomarkers into studies collecting self-reported behavioral data should be considered where possible.

摘要

研究表明,尽管对其有效性存在不确定性,但针对艾滋病毒和其他性传播感染(STI)的干预措施的研究严重依赖参与者对性行为的报告。对参与者自我报告的过分依赖,或者含蓄地依赖于以下 4 个假设:(1)不存在可行的替代方案;(2)可以将错误报告最小化到可以忽略不计的程度;(3)错误报告往往倾向于低估敏感行为;(4)错误报告往往在被比较的群体之间没有差异。本综述的目的是评估这些假设,包括审查使用精液生物标志物评估自我报告数据有效性的研究,并就应用可检测女性精液暴露的生物标志物提出建议,以进一步加强艾滋病毒/性传播感染预防研究。越来越多的证据表明,精液生物标志物为评估和增强艾滋病毒/性传播感染预防研究的有效性提供了重要手段。需要额外的生物标志物来评估男性对阴道性行为的暴露以及男性和女性对肛交的暴露。在可能的情况下,应考虑将生物标志物纳入收集自我报告性行为数据的研究中的方法和研究设计。

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