Department of Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Justus-Liebig-University, Klinikstrasse 33, 35385 Giessen, Germany.
J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 2013 Sep;41(6):496-503. doi: 10.1016/j.jcms.2013.04.002. Epub 2013 May 16.
In patients with bony defects, autologous bone grafts are the "gold standard" for reconstruction. In children, autologous bone harvesting is limited but tissue engineering offers an alternative. Next to bone marrow, adipose tissue is a source of mesenchymal stromal cells, and adipose-derived stromal cells (ADSC) can differentiate into osteocytes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of bioactive implants (ADSC in fibrin glue) for repair of critical-size mandibular defects in athymic rats. Human adult ADSC embedded in fibrin glue were implanted into a critical-size defect in the rat mandible and their efficacy was compared to those of protected bone healing (pbh), autologous bone graft, and an empty defect. The newly formed bone was quantified using high-resolution flat-panel volumetric CT (fpvCT) during different observation times. After eight weeks, the specimens were assessed histologically and by micro-computed tomography (μ-CT). The radiographic examination demonstrated a significantly higher level of ossified defect area in the ADSC side compared with the pbh side. The autologous bone graft side showed significantly enhanced bone formation compared to the empty defect. The histological findings in the specimens with ADSC showed bony bridging of the defect. ADSC were capable of defect reconstruction under our experimental conditions.
在存在骨缺损的患者中，自体骨移植物是重建的“金标准”。在儿童中，自体骨采集受到限制，但组织工程提供了一种替代方法。除骨髓外，脂肪组织也是间充质基质细胞的来源，脂肪来源的基质细胞（ADSC）可分化为成骨细胞。本研究旨在评估生物活性植入物（ADSC 在纤维蛋白胶中的）修复去势大鼠临界尺寸下颌骨缺损的疗效。将人成体 ADSC 嵌入纤维蛋白胶中，植入大鼠下颌骨的临界尺寸缺损中，并将其疗效与受保护的骨愈合（pbh）、自体骨移植物和空缺陷进行比较。在不同的观察时间内，使用高分辨率平板容积 CT（fpvCT）对新形成的骨进行定量。8 周后，对标本进行组织学和微计算机断层扫描（μ-CT）评估。放射学检查显示，ADSC 侧的骨化缺损面积明显高于 pbh 侧。与空缺陷相比，自体骨移植物侧的骨形成明显增强。ADSC 标本的组织学发现显示缺陷处有骨桥形成。在我们的实验条件下，ADSC 能够进行缺陷重建。
