Galambos J T
Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322.
Am J Surg. 1990 Jul;160(1):14-8. doi: 10.1016/s0002-9610(05)80862-1.
In order to select the most suitable management of portal hypertension, a full evaluation of the patient is desirable. The aspects studied should include the possible causes of portal hypertension and the disease and function of the liver, as well as the psychosocial aspects of this condition. The usual reason to investigate the presence and causes of portal hypertension is the detection of gastroesophageal varices. The estimated probability of bleeding from the varices and the cause of the varices should be investigated. If cirrhosis is detected, then its cause or mechanism should be clarified and the activity of the process estimated in semiquantitative terms. If therapy is available, it should be initiated. The evaluation of liver function is based on quantitative measurements of hepatocellular metabolic function (such as the galactose elimination capacity or antipyrine clearance), liver volume (weight), liver blood flow, and systemic hemodynamics (cardiac output index).
为了选择最适合的门静脉高压治疗方法，对患者进行全面评估是很有必要的。研究的方面应包括门静脉高压的可能病因、肝脏的疾病和功能，以及这种情况的社会心理方面。调查门静脉高压的存在和病因的常见原因是检测胃食管静脉曲张。应调查静脉曲张出血的估计概率和静脉曲张的病因。如果检测到肝硬化，则应阐明其病因或机制，并以半定量方式估计该过程的活动。如果有可用的治疗方法，应开始治疗。肝功能评估基于肝细胞代谢功能（如半乳糖清除能力或安替比林清除率）、肝脏体积（重量）、肝血流量和全身血流动力学（心输出指数）的定量测量。
