Cognition, Langues, Langage, Ergonomie-Laboratoire Travail et Cognition, Université de Toulouse 2 Le Mirail, Maison de la Recherche, 5 allées Antonio Machado, 31058 Toulouse Cedex 9, France.
Psychol Sci. 2013 Jul 1;24(7):1253-9. doi: 10.1177/0956797612470958. Epub 2013 May 22.
The unconscious-thought effect (UTE) occurs when people are better able to make complex decisions after a period of distraction rather than immediately or after a period of conscious deliberation. This finding has often been interpreted as evidence of unconscious thinking. In two experiments, we provided the first evidence that the UTE is accompanied by enhanced memory for the gist of decision-relevant attributes and demonstrated that the cognitive demands of a distraction task moderate its effect on decision making and gist memory. It was only following a low-demand distraction task that participants chose the best alternative more often and displayed enhanced gist memory for decision-relevant attributes. These findings suggest that the UTE occurs only if cognitive resources are available and that it is accompanied by enhanced organization of information in memory, as shown by the increase in gist memory.
无意识思维效应（UTE）是指人们在分心一段时间后，而不是立即或在经过一段时间的有意识思考后，能够更好地做出复杂的决策。这一发现常常被解释为无意识思维的证据。在两项实验中，我们首次提供了证据，表明 UTE 伴随着对决策相关属性的主旨记忆的增强，并证明了分心任务的认知要求调节了其对决策和主旨记忆的影响。只有在低需求的分心任务之后，参与者才更频繁地选择最佳替代方案，并对决策相关属性的主旨记忆增强。这些发现表明，只有在认知资源可用的情况下，UTE 才会发生，并且它伴随着记忆中信息的增强组织，如主旨记忆的增加所示。
