Fishery Quality Control Center, Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries Wealth, Post Box 427, Postal Code 100, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman.
J Food Sci. 2013 Jul;78(7):T1082-90. doi: 10.1111/1750-3841.12150. Epub 2013 May 22.
The results of this study present analytical data of the mercury levels in several fish and shellfish species to create awareness among individuals of the risks associated with consuming fish contaminated with mercury. Mercury concentrations varied from a mean of 0.02 mg/kg in Indian mackerel to 0.19 mg/kg in shark in both fresh and frozen fish, from 0.02 mg/kg in sardines to 0.18 mg/kg in skipjack tuna in canned fish, and from 0.02 mg/kg in Indian mackerel to 0.79 mg/kg in shark in dried fish. Shellfish contained a slightly higher amount of mercury than fresh or frozen fish with a mean of 0.09 mg/kg. Trophic position, followed by habitat, was the most important factors for variability in mercury concentrations in fish and shellfish. The maximum safe weekly intake (MSWI) values of mercury were significantly higher for herbivores than for carnivores. The MSWI value for total mercury in the case of consuming most (72%) fish species was more than 5 kg; however, the MSWI value was never more than 5 kg in most (66%) shellfish species. Risks were identified upon consumption of 120 g of dried shark when exceeding the provisional tolerable weekly intake threshold (1.6 μg/kg) for methylmercury. Therefore, fish-eating populations should reduce the quantity of dried shark to efficiently diminish the exposure to mercury.
本研究结果提供了几种鱼类和贝类中汞含量的分析数据，旨在提高人们对食用受汞污染鱼类相关风险的认识。汞浓度在新鲜和冷冻鱼类中从印度鲱鱼的平均值 0.02mg/kg 到鲨鱼的 0.19mg/kg 不等，在罐装鱼类中从沙丁鱼的 0.02mg/kg 到鲣鱼的 0.18mg/kg 不等，在干燥鱼类中从印度鲱鱼的 0.02mg/kg 到鲨鱼的 0.79mg/kg 不等。贝类中的汞含量略高于新鲜或冷冻鱼类，平均值为 0.09mg/kg。营养级，其次是栖息地，是鱼类和贝类中汞浓度变化的最重要因素。每周最大安全摄入量（MSWI）值对于草食性鱼类来说明显高于肉食性鱼类。对于大多数（72%）鱼类来说，每周食用总汞的 MSWI 值超过 5 公斤；然而，对于大多数（66%）贝类来说，MSWI 值从未超过 5 公斤。当食用 120 克干鲨鱼超过甲基汞暂定可耐受每周摄入量阈值（1.6μg/kg）时，就会出现风险。因此，食鱼人群应减少干鲨鱼的食用量，以有效降低汞暴露水平。
