Institute of Innate Immunity, University Hospital, University of Bonn, Bonn 53127, Germany.
Nat Rev Immunol. 2013 Jun;13(6):397-411. doi: 10.1038/nri3452.
Inflammasomes are key signalling platforms that detect pathogenic microorganisms and sterile stressors, and that activate the highly pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-18. In this Review, we discuss the complex regulatory mechanisms that facilitate a balanced but effective inflammasome-mediated immune response, and we highlight the similarities to another molecular signalling platform - the apoptosome - that monitors cellular health. Extracellular regulatory mechanisms are discussed, as well as the intracellular control of inflammasome assembly, for example, via ion fluxes, free radicals and autophagy.
炎症小体是一种关键的信号平台,可识别病原体微生物和非感染性应激源,并激活高度致炎细胞因子白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)和白细胞介素-18。在这篇综述中,我们讨论了促进平衡但有效的炎症小体介导的免疫反应的复杂调控机制,并强调了其与另一种分子信号平台——凋亡体的相似性,凋亡体可监测细胞健康状况。我们还讨论了细胞外调节机制,以及炎症小体组装的细胞内调控,例如通过离子流、自由基和自噬。