Serviço de Ginecologia, Hospital Federal de Bonsucesso, Ministério de Saúde, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Rev Saude Publica. 2013 Feb;47(1):2-10. doi: 10.1590/s0034-89102013000100002.
To analyze sociocultural differences and perceptions of gynecological consultations for high school girls.
A transversal study with 418 high school girls from three schools of different profiles in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Southeastern Brazil in 2010. A structured questionnaire encompassing socio-demographic characteristics, sexual behavior and evaluation of gynecological consultations was completed. Yates' Chi-square test and the Student's t-test were utilized adopting a value of p < 0.05.
The students of private and federal public schools presented similar profiles but both were different from the state school girls. The latter had lower socioeconomic status, and their parents had lower levels of education, the predominance of afro-descendants was observed, as were a larger number of sexual partners, pregnancy and cases of sexual violence. The average age of menarche and sexarche among the students were similar, but the first gynecological consultation was significantly later among the state school students. The majority showed some knowledge of contraception and STDs, although only a minority received guidance from the consultations. Students expressed the desire that the professionals dedicate more time, patience and availability to them during consultations.
The provision of gynecological services for teenagers is not satisfactory, according to the teenagers' evaluations. Users of the private health system have gynecological consultations earlier than those who only have access to the public system. It is necessary to create mechanisms that facilitate access and adhesion to a routine of gynecological prevention for this age group.
分析高中女生妇科咨询的社会文化差异和认知。
2010 年，在巴西东南部里约热内卢市的三所不同类型的学校中，对 418 名高中女生进行了横断面研究。采用包含社会人口统计学特征、性行为以及对妇科咨询评价的结构化问卷进行调查。采用 Yates 卡方检验和 Student's t 检验，p 值<0.05。
私立和联邦公立学校的学生具有相似的特征，但均与州立学校的女生不同。后者的社会经济地位较低，其父母的受教育程度较低，观察到更多的非裔人口，性伴侣较多、妊娠和性暴力的情况也较多。州立学校的女生月经初潮和性征初现的平均年龄相似，但首次妇科咨询明显较晚。大多数女生对避孕和性传播疾病有一定的了解，但只有少数人从咨询中获得指导。女生表示希望专业人员在咨询中给予她们更多的时间、耐心和可用性。
根据青少年的评价，青少年的妇科服务提供并不令人满意。私立卫生系统的使用者比仅能获得公共系统的使用者更早进行妇科咨询。有必要建立机制，促进这一年龄组获得和坚持常规的妇科预防。
