Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain.
Trends Mol Med. 2013 Jul;19(7):418-27. doi: 10.1016/j.molmed.2013.04.004. Epub 2013 May 23.
Classically, medical textbooks taught that most effects of thyroid hormones (THs) on energy homeostasis are directly exerted in peripheral tissues. However, current evidence is changing (and challenging) our perspective about the role of THs from a 'peripheral' to a 'central' vision, implying that they affect food intake, energy expenditure, and metabolism by acting, to a large extent, at the central level. Interestingly, effects of THs are interrelated with global energy sensors in the central nervous system (CNS), such as uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2), AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK; the 'AMPK-BAT axis'), and mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR). Here, we review what is currently known about THs and their regulation of energy balance and metabolism in both peripheral and central tissues.
经典上，医学教科书教导说，甲状腺激素（THs）对能量稳态的大多数影响都是直接在外周组织中发挥作用的。然而，目前的证据正在改变（并挑战）我们对 THs 作用的看法，从“外周”到“中枢”，这意味着它们通过在中枢水平起作用在很大程度上影响食物摄入、能量消耗和新陈代谢。有趣的是，THs 的作用与中枢神经系统（CNS）中的全局能量传感器相互关联，如解偶联蛋白 2（UCP2）、AMP 激活的蛋白激酶（AMPK；即“AMPK-BAT 轴”）和雷帕霉素的机制靶点（mTOR）。在这里，我们回顾了目前已知的关于 THs 及其在周围和中枢组织中对能量平衡和代谢的调节。
