Karatsoreos Ilia N, McEwen Bruce S
Department of Integrative Physiology and Neuroscience, Washington State University, Veterinary and Biomedical Research Building 1815 Ferdinand's Lane, Pullman, WA, 99163.
F1000Prime Rep. 2013 May 1;5:13. doi: 10.12703/P5-13. Print 2013.
The brain is constantly adapting to a changing environment. It detects environmental stimuli, integrates that information with internal states, and engages appropriate behavioral and physiological responses. This process of stability through change is termed "allostasis", and serves as a mechanism by which an organism can adapt to a changing environment to function optimally, and ultimately ensure survival. The ability to adapt to stressors in the environment by "bending" but not "breaking" can be considered as "resilience". Individuals that are more able to withstand such challenges to their stability, and bounce back after, can be considered more resilient than those that do not. This review will explore what resilience means in a neurobiological context, the role of stress and allostasis, and focuses on the role of neurotrophins, particularly BDNF, in mediating adaptive plasticity.
大脑一直在适应不断变化的环境。它检测环境刺激，将这些信息与内部状态整合，并做出适当的行为和生理反应。这种通过变化实现稳定的过程被称为“应变稳态”，是一种生物体能够适应不断变化的环境以实现最佳功能并最终确保生存的机制。通过“弯曲”而非“折断”来适应环境应激源的能力可被视为“复原力”。比起那些不能适应的个体，更能承受对其稳定性的此类挑战并在之后恢复过来的个体可被认为具有更强的复原力。本综述将探讨在神经生物学背景下复原力的含义、应激和应变稳态的作用，并重点关注神经营养因子，特别是脑源性神经营因子（BDNF）在介导适应性可塑性方面的作用。
