Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Eval Rev. 2013 Feb;37(1):35-58. doi: 10.1177/0193841X13488118. Epub 2013 May 27.
Despite the ample interest in the measurement of substance abuse and dependence, obtaining biological samples from participants as a means to validate a scale is considered time and cost intensive and is, subsequently, largely overlooked.
To report the psychometric properties of the drug use disorder (DUD) questionnaire including oral fluid and blood sample screening indicators measuring the three most commonly used illicit substances--marijuana, cocaine, and extramedicinal painkillers.
Participants were a subset (N = 2,702) of the 2007 U.S. National Roadside Survey that was administered to daytime and nighttime weekend drivers in the 48 contiguous states to examine the prevalence of substance use and misuse.
Participants completed demographic and substance use questions as well as the DUD--a 12-item measure assessing substance abuse and dependence. Participants could potentially have completed the DUD three times for each of the three substances. Subscales of abuse and dependence were created using Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fourth Edition Text Revision [DSM-IV-TR]) criteria of these diagnoses.
The DUD displayed adequate internal consistency on both subscales of substance abuse and dependence (Cronbach's α ranging from .71 to .84 and .83 to .92, respectively). The DUD also demonstrated construct validity in comparison to biological markers of each substance.
The DUD is a biologically validated instrument that is both easy to utilize and may have valuable implications as a research tool among both clinical and nonclinical populations.
尽管人们对物质滥用和依赖的测量有很大的兴趣，但获取参与者的生物样本作为验证量表的一种手段被认为既耗时又费钱，因此在很大程度上被忽视了。
报告药物使用障碍（DUD）问卷的心理测量学特性，包括口腔液和血液样本筛查指标，用于测量三种最常用的非法物质——大麻、可卡因和非医学用途止痛药。
受试者是 2007 年美国全国路边调查的一个子样本（N=2702），该调查在 48 个州对日间和夜间周末司机进行了管理，以调查物质使用和滥用的流行情况。
参与者完成了人口统计学和物质使用问题以及 DUD——一种评估物质滥用和依赖的 12 项测量。参与者可能已经完成了三种物质中的每一种物质的 DUD 三次。使用这些诊断的《精神障碍诊断与统计手册》（第四版文本修订版[DSM-IV-TR]）标准创建了滥用和依赖的子量表。
DUD 在物质滥用和依赖的两个子量表上都显示出了足够的内部一致性（Cronbach's α 分别在.71 到.84 和.83 到.92 之间）。DUD 还与每种物质的生物标志物相比具有构念效度。
DUD 是一种具有生物学验证的工具，既易于使用，又可能在临床和非临床人群中作为研究工具具有重要意义。
