Oliver Adam
Department of Social Policy, London School of Economics United Kingdom.
Healthc Pap. 2012;12(4):8-16. doi: 10.12927/hcpap.2013.23217.
Paying people to engage in healthy behaviours, such as adhering to medications, quitting smoking and losing weight, has been linked to the nudge agenda. However, "user financial incentives" (UFI) can only be classified as nudges if they meet a strict set of requirements. Perhaps more importantly, UFI have thus far showed some promise only for "single shot" behaviour change, such as that associated with many acts of medical adherence, and have been generally unfruitful in effecting the sustained behaviour change that is necessary to influence broader lifestyle decisions, such as those associated with smoking and weight. Possibly more importantly still, the legitimacy of government-sponsored interventions intended to influence directly broad lifestyle behaviours, providing that those behaviours are not unduly harming others, ought to be scrutinized
向人们支付报酬以促使他们采取健康行为，比如坚持服药、戒烟和减肥，这与助推议程有关联。然而，“用户经济激励措施”（UFI）只有在满足一系列严格要求的情况下才能被归类为助推手段。或许更重要的是，到目前为止，UFI仅在“一次性”行为改变方面显示出一定前景，比如与许多医疗依从行为相关的改变，而在影响更广泛生活方式决策（如与吸烟和体重相关的决策）所需的持续行为改变方面，总体上成效不佳。可能更关键的是，政府发起的旨在直接影响广泛生活方式行为（前提是这些行为不会过度伤害他人）的干预措施的合法性，应该受到审视。
