Biomechanics Laboratory, Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, Via di Barbiano n. 1/10, 40136, Bologna, Italy.
Int Orthop. 2013 Aug;37(8):1613-8. doi: 10.1007/s00264-013-1936-z. Epub 2013 May 29.
There are some key figures in medical history whose achievements can be regarded as crucial in the definition of new knowledge and in setting new standards for clinical practice. This manuscript depicts the lives and work of three eminent physicians who were forerunners in the foundation of orthopaedics as an independent medical specialty. They are: Nicholas Andry, Jean-Andrè Venel, and John Ball Brown. The first was the inventor of the name of our discipline, whereas the other two, besides being renowned practitioners, were also the founders, respectively, of the first orthopaedic institutions in Europe and the United States. Therefore, they can be included among the illustrious fathers of modern orthopaedic practice.
医学史上有一些关键人物，他们的成就可以被视为新知识定义的关键，并为临床实践设定了新的标准。本文描述了三位杰出的医生的生平和工作，他们是骨科作为一门独立医学专业的奠基人。他们是：Nicholas Andry、Jean-André Venel 和 John Ball Brown。第一个是我们学科名称的发明者，而另外两个人，除了是著名的从业者外，还是欧洲和美国第一家骨科机构的创始人。因此，他们可以被列入现代骨科实践的杰出先驱之列。
