Institut Mines-Télécom (Télécom EM), 9, rue Charles Fourier, 91011 Evry, France.
Conscious Cogn. 2013 Jun;22(2):654-69. doi: 10.1016/j.concog.2013.02.004.
The well-known experiments of Nisbett and Wilson lead to the conclusion that we have no introspective access to our decision-making processes. Johansson et al. have recently developed an original protocol consisting in manipulating covertly the relationship between the subjects' intended choice and the outcome they were presented with: in 79.6% of cases, they do not detect the manipulation and provide an explanation of the choice they did not make, confirming the findings of Nisbett and Wilson. We have reproduced this protocol, while introducing for some choices an expert guidance to the description of this choice. The subjects who were assisted detected the manipulation in 80% of cases. Our experiment confirms Nisbett and Wilson's findings that we are usually unaware of our decision processes, but goes further by showing that we can access them through specific mental acts.
尼斯贝特和威尔逊的著名实验得出的结论是，我们无法内省地了解自己的决策过程。约翰森等人最近开发了一种原始的协议，该协议包括秘密操纵主体的预期选择与他们所呈现的结果之间的关系：在 79.6%的情况下，他们没有察觉到这种操纵，并对他们没有做出的选择进行了解释，这证实了尼斯贝特和威尔逊的发现。我们复制了这个协议，同时为一些选择引入了专家指导，以描述这个选择。在 80%的情况下，接受帮助的实验对象察觉到了这种操纵。我们的实验证实了尼斯贝特和威尔逊的发现，即我们通常无法意识到自己的决策过程，但更进一步表明，我们可以通过特定的心理行为来了解它们。
