Viroscience Lab, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Curr Opin Virol. 2013 Aug;3(4):430-7. doi: 10.1016/j.coviro.2013.05.002. Epub 2013 May 27.
Influenza A viruses are a major cause of respiratory infections in humans. To protect against influenza, vaccines mainly aim at the induction of antibodies against the two surface proteins and do not protect against influenza A viruses from other subtypes. There is an increasing interest in heterosubtypic immunity that does protect against different subtypes. CD8 and CD4 T cells have a beneficial effect on the course of influenza A virus infection and can recognize conserved IAV epitopes. The T cell responses are tightly regulated to avoid collateral damage due to overreaction. Different studies have shown that an aberrant T cell response to an influenza virus infection could be harmful and could contribute to immunopathology. Here we discuss the recent findings on the balance between the beneficial and detrimental effects of T cell responses in influenza virus infections.
甲型流感病毒是人类呼吸道感染的主要原因。为了预防流感，疫苗主要针对诱导针对两种表面蛋白的抗体，而不能预防来自其他亚型的甲型流感病毒。人们对异源型免疫的兴趣越来越大，这种免疫确实可以预防不同的亚型。CD8 和 CD4 T 细胞对甲型流感病毒感染的病程有有益的影响，可以识别保守的 IAV 表位。T 细胞反应受到严格调控，以避免因过度反应而造成的附带损伤。不同的研究表明，甲型流感病毒感染时 T 细胞反应异常可能是有害的，并可能导致免疫病理学。在这里，我们讨论了关于 T 细胞反应在流感病毒感染中的有益和有害影响之间平衡的最新发现。
