Core Research Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China.
Semin Immunol. 2013 Feb;25(1):20-8. doi: 10.1016/j.smim.2013.04.013. Epub 2013 May 27.
C3a and C5a (also called anaphylatoxins) are inflammatory peptides generated during complement activation. They do not only play important roles in innate immunity through the initiation and regulation of inflammatory responses, but also significantly influence adaptive immune responses. Organ transplantation triggers an initial inflammatory response and subsequent to the specific immune response (also called the alloimmune response), both of which contribute to graft rejection. Emerging evidence suggests that anaphylatoxins, particularly C5a, are significantly involved in both inflammatory and alloimmune responses following organ transplantation, thus influencing graft outcome. This review will provide the information on our current understanding of the roles for anaphylatoxins in ischemia-reperfusion injury, graft rejection, and transplant tolerance, and the therapeutic potential of targeting anaphylatoxin receptors in organ transplantation.
C3a 和 C5a（也称为过敏毒素）是补体激活过程中产生的炎症肽。它们不仅通过启动和调节炎症反应在先天免疫中发挥重要作用，而且还显著影响适应性免疫反应。器官移植会引发初始炎症反应，随后是特异性免疫反应（也称为同种免疫反应），两者都导致移植物排斥。新出现的证据表明，过敏毒素，特别是 C5a，在器官移植后的炎症和同种免疫反应中均有重要作用，从而影响移植物的结局。本综述将提供有关过敏毒素在缺血再灌注损伤、移植物排斥和移植耐受中的作用及其作为器官移植靶点的治疗潜力的最新信息。
