Dirksen Shannon Ruff, Kirschner Kenneth Ferris, Belyea Michael J
College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA
College of Health Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA.
Biol Res Nurs. 2014 Jul;16(3):250-7. doi: 10.1177/1099800413490228. Epub 2013 May 30.
Men with prostate cancer undergoing radiation treatment frequently report fatigue, insomnia, depression, anxiety and urinary, bowel, sexual, and hormonal symptoms. Plasma concentrations of cytokines may be related to these symptoms, but few studies have examined these relationships. The study purpose was to explore the association between prostate cancer symptoms and cytokine levels at pretreatment and posttreatment.
In this longitudinal, correlational study, 29 men with nonmetastatic prostate cancer completed symptom questionnaires at preradiation and postradiation treatment. Blood drawn at these same time points was used to determine levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukins-1β, 6, 10, and 4 (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-4).
Men reported symptom severity at pretreatment and posttreatment as low to moderate. There were significant differences from pretreatment to posttreatment in fatigue, insomnia, urinary irritative and incontinence, bowel, sexual, and hormonal problems. There were no significant differences in TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10, or IL-4. At pretreatment, TNF-α was associated with depression, anxiety, urinary irritative, and bowel problems, and IL-4 was related to urinary irritative symptoms. At posttreatment, IL-4 was associated with urinary irritative symptoms. Findings suggest that, in men with prostate cancer, there is no strong association between symptom reporting and cytokine levels. Ongoing research focused on neuroendocrine and genetic markers and their associations with symptoms is promising and may result in the provision of better markers for quantifying the symptom experience in patients with cancer.
接受放射治疗的前列腺癌男性患者经常报告有疲劳、失眠、抑郁、焦虑以及泌尿、肠道、性功能和激素方面的症状。细胞因子的血浆浓度可能与这些症状有关，但很少有研究探讨这些关系。本研究的目的是探讨前列腺癌症状与治疗前和治疗后细胞因子水平之间的关联。
在这项纵向相关性研究中，29名非转移性前列腺癌男性患者在放疗前和放疗后完成了症状问卷。在相同时间点采集的血液用于测定肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）和白细胞介素-1β、6、10和4（IL-1β、IL-6、IL-10和IL-4）的水平。
男性患者报告治疗前和治疗后的症状严重程度为低至中度。从治疗前到治疗后，在疲劳、失眠、泌尿刺激和失禁、肠道、性功能和激素问题方面存在显著差异。TNF-α、IL-6、IL-10或IL-4没有显著差异。在治疗前，TNF-α与抑郁、焦虑、泌尿刺激和肠道问题相关，IL-4与泌尿刺激症状相关。在治疗后，IL-4与泌尿刺激症状相关。研究结果表明，在前列腺癌男性患者中，症状报告与细胞因子水平之间没有很强的关联。正在进行的针对神经内分泌和遗传标志物及其与症状关联的研究很有前景，可能会为量化癌症患者的症状体验提供更好的标志物。
