Nermes Merja, Niinivirta Katri, Nylund Lotta, Laitinen Kirsi, Matomäki Jaakko, Salminen Seppo, Isolauri Erika
Department of Pediatrics, Turku University Hospital, Kiinamyllynkatu 4-8, 20520 Turku, Finland.
ISRN Allergy. 2013 Jan 9;2013:827934. doi: 10.1155/2013/827934. Print 2013.
Background. The hygiene hypothesis suggests that high hygiene standards have led to an immune dysfunction and an increase in allergic diseases. Farming-related exposures are associated with a decreased risk of asthma. Since the gut microbiota may be a pivotal component in the hygiene hypothesis, we studied whether perinatal exposure to pets, doctor's diagnosed wheezy bronchitis (WB), and compositional changes in the gut microbiota are interrelated among urban infants. Methods. Data were collected prospectively from a mother-infant nutrition study. Data on perinatal pet ownership, WB, and the microbiota composition of faecal samples of the infants assessed by quantitative PCR at 1 month were compared. Results. None of the 30 infants exposed to pets had suffered from WB by 24 months, whereas 15 of the 99 (15%) nonexposed infants had had WB (P = 0.03). The counts of Bifidobacterium longum were higher in samples (n = 17) from nonwheezing infants with pet exposure compared to those (n = 10) in wheezing infants without pet exposure (8.59/10.44 versus 5.94/9.86, resp. (median/upper limit of range, bacteria(log)/g of stool); P = 0.02). B. breve was more abundant in the wheezing infants (P = 0.02).
背景。卫生假说表明，高卫生标准导致了免疫功能障碍和过敏性疾病的增加。与农业相关的接触与哮喘风险降低有关。由于肠道微生物群可能是卫生假说中的关键组成部分，我们研究了城市婴儿围产期接触宠物、医生诊断的喘息性支气管炎（WB）以及肠道微生物群的组成变化是否相互关联。方法。前瞻性地从一项母婴营养研究中收集数据。比较了围产期宠物饲养情况、WB以及1个月时通过定量PCR评估的婴儿粪便样本微生物群组成的数据。结果。30名接触宠物的婴儿中，到24个月时无一人患WB，而99名未接触宠物的婴儿中有15名（15%）患过WB（P = 0.03）。与未接触宠物的喘息婴儿（n = 10）相比，接触宠物的非喘息婴儿样本（n = 17）中长双歧杆菌的计数更高（分别为8.59/10.44与5.94/9.86，中位数/范围上限，细菌（对数）/克粪便；P = 0.02）。短双歧杆菌在喘息婴儿中更为丰富（P = 0.02）。
