London Metropolitan University, School of Psychology, 166-220 Holloway Rd., London N7 8D8, UK.
J Soc Psychol. 2013 May-Jun;153(3):334-50. doi: 10.1080/00224545.2012.738260.
Two experiments investigated the relationship between the evaluation of a deviant group member and the perceived group variability among participants with varying degrees of ingroup identification. In Experiment 1 (N = 79) ingroup identification was negatively associated with perceived ingroup variability following the presentation of a deviant ingroup member. This relationship was mediated by ratings of the deviant: the stronger the identification, the more negatively the deviant was evaluated, and the more homogeneous the ingroup was perceived. These effects were replicated in Experiment 2 (N = 169), which also showed that there was no association between ingroup identification and the representation of the outgroup following exposure to a deviant outgroup member. The findings suggest that deviant derogation may serve to isolate undesirable members from the rest of the ingroup and protect the group's identity.
两个实验考察了被评价的偏离群体成员与参与者对群体内变异性感知之间的关系，这些参与者的群体认同度不同。在实验 1（N=79）中，在呈现出偏离群体成员后，群体认同度与感知到的群体内变异性呈负相关。这种关系受到对偏离者评价的中介作用：认同度越强，对偏离者的评价就越负面，对群体的感知就越单一。这些效应在实验 2（N=169）中得到了复制，该实验还表明，在暴露于偏离的外群体成员后，群体认同度与对外群体的代表性之间没有关联。研究结果表明，对偏离者的贬低可能有助于将不受欢迎的成员与群体的其他成员隔离开来，保护群体的身份。
