医疗保健相关感染的预防：意大利医学和护理专业学生的知识水平

Prevention of healthcare associated infections: medical and nursing students' knowledge in Italy.

作者信息

D'Alessandro Daniela, Agodi Antonella, Auxilia Francesco, Brusaferro Silvio, Calligaris Laura, Ferrante Margherita, Montagna Maria Teresa, Mura Ida, Napoli Christian, Pasquarella Cesira, Righi Elena, Rossini Angelo, Semeraro Valentina, Tardivo Stefano

机构信息

Dept. Civil Building and Environmental Engineering, Sapienza University, Via Eudossiana, 18-00186 Rome, Italy; Post-graduate School of Public Health, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro, 5, 18-00185 Rome, Italy.

Dept. Hygiene and Public Health "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Via S. Sofia, 87-95123 Catania, Italy.

出版信息

Nurse Educ Today. 2014 Feb;34(2):191-5. doi: 10.1016/j.nedt.2013.05.005. Epub 2013 May 29.

DOI:10.1016/j.nedt.2013.05.005

PMID:23725909

Abstract

BACKGROUND

The training of health workers is a key issue for the prevention of healthcare associated infections.

OBJECTIVES

To evaluate knowledge of nursing and medical students concerning the prevention of healthcare associated infections.

DESIGN

A cross-sectional study.

SETTING

University hospitals in nine Italian cities.

PARTICIPANTS

One thousand four hundred sixty one healthcare students (607 medical students and 854 nursing students).

METHODS

The study was performed using a questionnaire investigating 3 areas, each having different possible points: standard precautions=12; hand hygiene=8; healthcare associated infections=5, for an overall perfect score of 25. Scores that met a cutoff ≥17.5 were considered to be indicative of an acceptable level of knowledge. Factors associated with an acceptable level of knowledge were analyzed using a logistic regression model.

RESULTS

Mean overall score (±SD) was 18.1 ± 3.2. Nursing students (18.6 ± 2.9) obtained a higher overall score than medical students (17.4 ± 3.5) (p<0.001). Weighed scores (±SD) by area were: 10.3 (±2.0) for standard precautions, 5.0 (±1.3) for hand hygiene and 2.8 (±1.1) for healthcare associated infections. Knowledge level concerning the three areas was different between medical and nursing students (p<0.001). The probability of finding acceptable knowledge was smaller for medical students (OR: 0.54 p<0.0001) and for students aged ≥24 years (OR: 0.39 p<0.0001).

CONCLUSION

The overall score showed an acceptable level of knowledge for the whole sample; but, considering separately the two curricula, only nursing students reached the minimum acceptable score. It seems important to investigate what is working better in nursing than in medical education in order to implement and validate new teaching approaches.

摘要

背景

卫生工作者的培训是预防医疗相关感染的关键问题。

目的

评估护理专业和医学专业学生对预防医疗相关感染的知识掌握情况。

设计

一项横断面研究。

地点

意大利九个城市的大学医院。

参与者

1461名医护专业学生（607名医学专业学生和854名护理专业学生）。

方法

本研究使用一份调查问卷，调查3个领域，每个领域有不同的可能得分：标准预防措施=12分；手卫生=8分；医疗相关感染=5分，总分为25分。得分≥17.5分被认为表明知识水平可接受。使用逻辑回归模型分析与可接受知识水平相关的因素。

结果

平均总分（±标准差）为18.1±3.2。护理专业学生（18.6±2.9）的总分高于医学专业学生（17.4±3.5）（p<0.001）。各领域的加权得分（±标准差）分别为：标准预防措施10.3（±2.0）分，手卫生5.0（±1.3）分，医疗相关感染2.8（±1.1）分。医学专业和护理专业学生在这三个领域的知识水平存在差异（p<0.001）。医学专业学生（比值比：0.54，p<0.0001）和年龄≥24岁的学生（比值比：0.39，p<0.0001）获得可接受知识的可能性较小。