Hakim Sharon M, Meissen Gregory
Community Psychology Doctoral Program at Wichita State University, 1845 Fairmount, Wichita, KS 67260, USA.
J Health Care Poor Underserved. 2013;24(2 Suppl):145-57. doi: 10.1353/hpu.2013.0109.
This study evaluated a setting-level intervention designed to increase consumption of fruits and vegetables among low-socioeconomic status elementary and middle school students participating in the National School Lunch Program (NSLP). The NSLP provides students with access to fruits and vegetables; however, food served does not necessarily equal food consumed. High rates of waste, especially of fruits and vegetables, are well documented. The current, low-cost intervention altered the choice architecture of the cafeteria by introducing an active, forced choice into the school lunch service. Consumption was measured by observing (n=2,064) and weighing (n=84) student plate waste over two 10-day periods pre-intervention and during implementation. Results show an average daily 15% increase in consumption of both fruits and vegetables during the intervention period. These findings suggest that local schools can actively encourage students to take advantage of fruits and vegetables offered through the NSLP by implementing setting-level changes to the cafeteria environment.
本研究评估了一项旨在增加参与国家学校午餐计划（NSLP）的低社会经济地位的中小学生水果和蔬菜摄入量的环境层面干预措施。NSLP为学生提供了获取水果和蔬菜的机会；然而，供应的食物不一定等同于学生实际食用的食物。大量浪费现象，尤其是水果和蔬菜的浪费，有充分的记录。当前这项低成本干预措施通过在学校午餐服务中引入主动的强制选择，改变了自助餐厅的选择架构。在干预前和实施期间的两个10天时间段内，通过观察（n = 2064）和称重（n = 84）学生餐盘里的食物浪费情况来衡量食物摄入量。结果显示，在干预期间，水果和蔬菜的日均摄入量平均增加了15%。这些发现表明，当地学校可以通过对自助餐厅环境进行环境层面的改变，积极鼓励学生利用NSLP提供的水果和蔬菜。
