Ntanasis-Stathopoulos J, Tzanninis J G, Philippou A, Koutsilieris M
Department of Experimental Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact. 2013 Jun;13(2):133-46.
It is well established that physical exercise modulates the function of many physiological systems, such as the musculoskeletal, the cardiovascular and the nervous system, by inducing various adaptations to the increased mechanical load and/or metabolic stress of exercise. Many of these changes occur through epigenetic alterations to DNA, such as histone modifications, DNA methylations, expression of microRNAs and changes of the chromatin structure. All these epigenetic alterations may have clinical relevance, thus playing an important role in the prevention and confrontation of neurophysiological disorders, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Herein we review the known epigenetic modifications induced by physical exercise in various physiological systems and pathologies, and discuss their potential clinical implications.
众所周知，体育锻炼通过诱导机体对运动增加的机械负荷和/或代谢应激产生各种适应性变化，从而调节许多生理系统的功能，如肌肉骨骼系统、心血管系统和神经系统。其中许多变化是通过DNA的表观遗传改变发生的，如组蛋白修饰、DNA甲基化、微小RNA的表达以及染色质结构的变化。所有这些表观遗传改变可能都具有临床意义，因此在预防和对抗神经生理障碍、代谢综合征、心血管疾病和癌症方面发挥着重要作用。在此，我们综述了体育锻炼在各种生理系统和病理状态下诱导的已知表观遗传修饰，并讨论了它们潜在的临床意义。
