Barghash Z, Larsen J O, Al-Bishri A, Kahnberg K-E
Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2013 Dec;42(12):1566-74. doi: 10.1016/j.ijom.2013.04.017. Epub 2013 May 31.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the degeneration and regeneration of a sensory nerve and a motor nerve at the histological level after a crush injury. Twenty-five female Wistar rats had their mental nerve and the buccal branch of their facial nerve compressed unilaterally against a glass rod for 30s. Specimens of the compressed nerves and the corresponding control nerves were dissected at 3, 7, and 19 days after surgery. Nerve cross-sections were stained with osmium tetroxide and toluidine blue and analysed using two-dimensional stereology. We found differences between the two nerves both in the normal anatomy and in the regenerative pattern. The mental nerve had a larger cross-sectional area including all tissue components. The mental nerve had a larger volume fraction of myelinated axons and a correspondingly smaller volume fraction of endoneurium. No differences were observed in the degenerative pattern; however, at day 19 the buccal branch had regenerated to the normal number of axons, whereas the mental nerve had only regained 50% of the normal number of axons. We conclude that the regenerative process is faster and/or more complete in the facial nerve (motor function) than it is in the mental nerve (somatosensory function).
本研究的目的是在组织学水平评估挤压伤后感觉神经和运动神经的退变与再生情况。25只雌性Wistar大鼠的颏神经和面神经颊支被单侧压在玻璃棒上30秒。在术后3天、7天和19天解剖受压神经和相应的对照神经标本。神经横断面用四氧化锇和甲苯胺蓝染色，并采用二维体视学进行分析。我们发现这两条神经在正常解剖结构和再生模式上均存在差异。颏神经的横截面积更大，包括所有组织成分。颏神经有髓轴突的体积分数更大，而神经内膜的体积分数相应更小。在退变模式上未观察到差异；然而，在第19天，颊支已再生至正常轴突数量，而颏神经仅恢复了正常轴突数量的50%。我们得出结论，面神经（运动功能）的再生过程比颏神经（躯体感觉功能）更快和/或更完整。
