Ekpo Uwem F, Hürlimann Eveline, Schur Nadine, Oluwole Akinola S, Abe Eniola M, Mafe Margaret A, Nebe Obiageli J, Isiyaku Sunday, Olamiju Francisca, Kadiri Mukaila, Poopola Temitope O S, Braide Eka I, Saka Yisa, Mafiana Chiedu F, Kristensen Thomas K, Utzinger Jürg, Vounatsou Penelope
Spatial Parasitology and Health GIS Group, Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria.
Geospat Health. 2013 May;7(2):355-66. doi: 10.4081/gh.2013.92.
Schistosomiasis prevalence data for Nigeria were extracted from peer-reviewed journals and reports, geo-referenced and collated in a nationwide geographical information system database for the generation of point prevalence maps. This exercise revealed that the disease is endemic in 35 of the country's 36 states, including the federal capital territory of Abuja, and found in 462 unique locations out of 833 different survey locations. Schistosoma haematobium, the predominant species in Nigeria, was found in 368 locations (79.8%) covering 31 states, S. mansoni in 78 (16.7%) locations in 22 states and S. intercalatum in 17 (3.7%) locations in two states. S. haematobium and S. mansoni were found to be co-endemic in 22 states, while co-occurrence of all three species was only seen in one state (Rivers). The average prevalence for each species at each survey location varied between 0.5% and 100% for S. haematobium, 0.2% to 87% for S. mansoni and 1% to 10% for S. intercalatum. The estimated prevalence of S. haematobium, based on Bayesian geospatial predictive modelling with a set of bioclimatic variables, ranged from 0.2% to 75% with a mean prevalence of 23% for the country as a whole (95% confidence interval (CI): 22.8-23.1%). The model suggests that the mean temperature, annual precipitation and soil acidity significantly influence the spatial distribution. Prevalence estimates, adjusted for school-aged children in 2010, showed that the prevalence is <10% in most states with a few reaching as high as 50%. It was estimated that 11.3 million children require praziquantel annually (95% CI: 10.3-12.2 million).
尼日利亚血吸虫病患病率数据摘自同行评审期刊和报告，进行地理定位并整理到全国地理信息系统数据库中，以生成点患病率地图。这项工作表明，该病在该国36个州中的35个州（包括联邦首都阿布贾）呈地方性流行，在833个不同调查地点中的462个独特地点被发现。在尼日利亚占主导地位的埃及血吸虫在368个地点（79.8%）被发现，分布在31个州；曼氏血吸虫在22个州的78个地点（16.7%）被发现；间插血吸虫在两个州的17个地点（3.7%）被发现。埃及血吸虫和曼氏血吸虫在22个州呈共同地方性流行，而三种血吸虫同时出现仅在一个州（河流州）被发现。每个调查地点每种血吸虫的平均患病率在埃及血吸虫为0.5%至100%之间，曼氏血吸虫为0.2%至87%之间，间插血吸虫为1%至10%之间。基于贝叶斯地理空间预测模型和一组生物气候变量估计的埃及血吸虫患病率范围为0.2%至75%，全国总体平均患病率为23%（95%置信区间（CI）：22.8 - 23.1%）。该模型表明，平均温度、年降水量和土壤酸度显著影响空间分布。根据2010年学龄儿童调整后的患病率估计显示，大多数州的患病率<10%，少数州高达50%。据估计，每年有1130万儿童需要吡喹酮治疗（95%CI：1030 - 1220万）。
