Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Emerg Infect Dis. 2013 Jun;19(6):909-15. doi: 10.3201/eid1906.121020.
Scarlet fever is one of a variety of diseases caused by group A Streptococcus (GAS). During 2011, a scarlet fever epidemic characterized by peak monthly incidence rates 2.9-6.7 times higher than those in 2006-2010 occurred in Beijing, China. During the epidemic, hospital-based enhanced surveillance for scarlet fever and pharyngitis was conducted to determine characteristics of circulating GAS strains. The surveillance identified 3,359 clinical cases of scarlet fever or pharyngitis. GAS was isolated from 647 of the patients; 76.4% of the strains were type emm12, and 17.1% were emm1. Almost all isolates harbored superantigens speC and ssa. All isolates were susceptible to penicillin, and resistance rates were 96.1% to erythromycin, 93.7% to tetracycline, and 79.4% to clindamycin. Because emm12 type GAS is not the predominant type in other countries, wider surveillance for the possible spread of emm12 type GAS from China to other countries is warranted.
猩红热是由 A 组链球菌（GAS）引起的多种疾病之一。2011 年，中国北京发生了一场猩红热疫情，其月度发病率峰值是 2006-2010 年的 2.9-6.7 倍。在疫情期间，开展了基于医院的猩红热和咽炎强化监测，以确定循环 GAS 菌株的特征。监测确定了 3359 例猩红热或咽炎临床病例。从 647 名患者中分离出 GAS；76.4%的菌株为 emm12 型，17.1%为 emm1 型。几乎所有分离株都携带超抗原 speC 和 ssa。所有分离株均对青霉素敏感，对红霉素的耐药率为 96.1%，对四环素的耐药率为 93.7%，对克林霉素的耐药率为 79.4%。由于 emm12 型 GAS 不是其他国家的主要类型，因此有必要更广泛地监测 emm12 型 GAS 从中国传播到其他国家的可能性。
