Department of Public Health Sciences, Division of Global Health, IHCAR, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Glob Public Health. 2013;8 Suppl 1:S61-74. doi: 10.1080/17441692.2013.799217. Epub 2013 Jun 5.
Stigma has been identified as a major barrier to HIV response. While much is known about stigma directed towards people living with HIV (PLHIV), less is known about stigma experienced by health workers who treat PLHIV. This study aims to explore the perceptions and experiences of health workers regarding how stigma influences their work with HIV-positive patients. The study employed a qualitative design involving individual semi-structured in-depth interviews with 14 health workers, purposively selected from hospitals and detention centres for people who use drugs and sex workers in Hanoi, Vietnam. Findings showed that the stigma experienced by health workers may be organised around several themes: (1) lack of social prestige associated with HIV work; (2) fear of infection expressed by family members; (3) feelings of being devalued within the healthcare field; and (4) work-related stress and burnout, especially for staff working in detention centres for drug users and female sex workers. Efforts are needed to improve the public image of HIV work, scale up stigma reduction, enhance stress management and create a safe and supportive working environment for health workers.
污名化已被确定为艾滋病毒应对工作的主要障碍。虽然人们对针对艾滋病毒感染者（PLHIV）的污名化有了很多了解，但对治疗 PLHIV 的卫生工作者所经历的污名化知之甚少。本研究旨在探讨卫生工作者对污名化如何影响他们与艾滋病毒阳性患者工作的看法和经验。该研究采用定性设计，对来自越南河内的医院和吸毒者拘留中心以及性工作者拘留中心的 14 名卫生工作者进行了个人半结构化深入访谈，这些卫生工作者是经过精心挑选的。研究结果表明，卫生工作者所经历的污名将围绕以下几个主题进行组织：（1）与艾滋病毒工作相关的缺乏社会声望；（2）家庭成员表达的感染恐惧；（3）在医疗保健领域感到被贬低；以及（4）与工作相关的压力和倦怠，特别是在吸毒者和女性性工作者拘留中心工作的工作人员。需要努力改善艾滋病毒工作的公众形象，扩大减少污名化的规模，加强压力管理，并为卫生工作者创造一个安全和支持性的工作环境。
