Pfeifer Paula Moraes, Ruschel Patricia Pereira, Bordignon Solange
Instituto de Cardiologia, Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia/ IC-FUC, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Rev Bras Cir Cardiovasc. 2013 Mar;28(1):61-8. doi: 10.5935/1678-9741.20130010.
To investigate coping strategies used by patients submitted to heart transplantation and whether they are related to the perception of the disease and transplantation.
Cross-sectional study with quantitative and qualitative analysis. The sample of 32 patients was assessed by the Ways of Coping Scale and socio-demographic questionnaire, and five of them were selected for interviews. The internal consistency of the scale was assessed, the variables and strategies involved were crossed and content analysis of interviews, investigating the existence of a relationship with the speech of the participants.
The individuals have used all coping styles, with a predominance of the problem-focused strategy. Psychologically prepared patients showed a statistically significant increase in the use of problem-focused coping and seek for social support. However, a significant increase in the use of emotion-focused coping was observed in patients who were not prepared. Analysis through the method of Bardin showed as categories: disease; reaction to call; transplantation; fantasies; postoperative; team and coping.
Patients with a transplanted heart make use of all coping strategies, with a predominance of the problem-focused strategy. Psychologically prepared individuals used more active coping strategies, which highlights the importance of psychological support during the process.
调查接受心脏移植患者所采用的应对策略，以及这些策略是否与对疾病和移植的认知有关。
采用横断面研究，进行定量和定性分析。通过应对方式量表和社会人口学问卷对32例患者样本进行评估，并选取其中5例进行访谈。评估量表的内部一致性，对涉及的变量和策略进行交叉分析，并对访谈内容进行分析，调查与参与者言语之间的关系。
个体使用了所有应对方式，以问题聚焦策略为主。心理上做好准备的患者在使用问题聚焦应对和寻求社会支持方面有统计学意义的增加。然而，未做好准备的患者在使用情绪聚焦应对方面有显著增加。通过巴丁方法分析得出的类别为：疾病；对呼叫的反应；移植；幻想；术后；团队和应对。
心脏移植患者使用所有应对策略，以问题聚焦策略为主。心理上做好准备的个体使用更积极的应对策略，这突出了该过程中心理支持的重要性。
