Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore.
Curr Med Chem. 2013;20(26):3189-99. doi: 10.2174/09298673113209990023.
Diabetic retinopathy affects one-third of people with diabetes and is the most frequent cause of blindness in working aged adults. Although diabetic retinopathy blindness appears to have fallen in the developed world, the rapidly increasing number of persons with diabetes worldwide has resulted in a continuous increase in the global burden of this disease. The major risk factors for diabetic retinopathy include duration of diabetes, hyperglycemia, and hypertension, but this is accountable for only a small amount of the variation in the risk of diabetic retinopathy. Research into new markers for retinopathy including genetics, blood biomarkers and retinal imaging will further improve our understanding of the risk factors and pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy.
糖尿病视网膜病变影响了三分之一的糖尿病患者，是导致工作年龄段成年人失明的最常见原因。尽管在发达国家，糖尿病视网膜病变导致的失明似乎有所减少，但由于全球糖尿病患者人数的迅速增加，这种疾病的全球负担仍在持续增加。糖尿病视网膜病变的主要危险因素包括糖尿病病程、高血糖和高血压，但这只能解释糖尿病视网膜病变风险变化的一小部分。对包括遗传、血液生物标志物和视网膜成像在内的新的视网膜病变标志物的研究将进一步增进我们对糖尿病视网膜病变的危险因素和发病机制的理解。
