Abougalambou Salwa Selim Ibrahim, Abougalambou Ayman S
Discipline of Clinical Pharmacy, Pharmacy College, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia.
King Abdullah Medical City, Saudi Arabia.
Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2015 Apr-Jun;9(2):98-103. doi: 10.1016/j.dsx.2014.04.019. Epub 2014 Jun 4.
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the leading cause of blindness in the United States and it is the leading cause of new cases of blindness in adults aged 20-74. It is estimated that about 20% of patients with type 2 DM have evidence of diabetic retinopathy at diagnosis with diabetes.
To evaluate the prevalence of DR and to determine risk factors related to diabetic retinopathy among type 2 diabetes patients attending endocrinology clinics at Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (HUSM).
The study design was observational prospective longitudinal follow-up study, the study was conducted with sample of 1077 type 2 diabetes mellitus outpatient recruited via attended the diabetes clinics at HUSM. Diagnosis of retinopathy is based on finding the diagnostic signs of retinopathy on eye exams by fundoscopy. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the independent variables that affect the development of retinopathy.
The prevalence of retinopathy was 39.3%. It has been noticed from this study findings, that the progression of retinopathy is been influenced by five independent risk factors such as duration of diabetes, presence neuropathy, total cholesterol at second and third visit and createnine clearance.
DR is highly prevalent among type 2 DM. The progression of retinopathy is been influenced by five independent risk factors such as duration of diabetes, presence neuropathy, total cholesterol at second and third visit and createnine clearance. DR is a serious diabetic complication and public health strategies are required in order to reduce its risk factors and decrease its prevalence.
糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）是美国失明的主要原因，也是20 - 74岁成年人新发失明病例的主要原因。据估计，约20%的2型糖尿病患者在糖尿病诊断时就有糖尿病视网膜病变的证据。
评估马来西亚理科大学医院（HUSM）内分泌科2型糖尿病患者中DR的患病率，并确定与糖尿病视网膜病变相关的危险因素。
本研究设计为观察性前瞻性纵向随访研究，以通过HUSM糖尿病门诊招募的1077例2型糖尿病门诊患者为样本进行研究。视网膜病变的诊断基于通过眼底镜眼部检查发现视网膜病变的诊断体征。采用逻辑回归分析评估影响视网膜病变发生发展的独立变量。
视网膜病变的患病率为39.3%。从本研究结果中可以注意到，视网膜病变的进展受到五个独立危险因素的影响，如糖尿病病程、神经病变的存在、第二次和第三次就诊时的总胆固醇以及肌酐清除率。
DR在2型糖尿病患者中高度流行。视网膜病变的进展受到五个独立危险因素的影响，如糖尿病病程、神经病变的存在、第二次和第三次就诊时的总胆固醇以及肌酐清除率。DR是一种严重的糖尿病并发症，需要采取公共卫生策略来降低其危险因素并减少其患病率。
