Zhou Bo, Zhou Xiao, Ouyang Li-zhi, Huang Xiao-yuan, Zhang Pi-hong, Zhang Ming-hua, Ren Li-cheng, Liang Peng-fei
Department of Oncoplastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Department of Burns and Reconstructive Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Burns. 2014 Feb;40(1):150-6. doi: 10.1016/j.burns.2013.04.020. Epub 2013 Jun 6.
This study aims to analyse the epidemiology of paediatric burns in south central China, illustrate the differences between rural and urban areas, and discern prevention measures to reduce paediatric burns.
Data were obtained from all paediatric patients admitted to Department of Burns unit of Xiangya Hospital during 2009-2012. A retrospective review was performed, including cause of burn, pre-hospital treatment, place of burn occurrence, anatomical areas involved, extent of burn, date of injury, number of operations, complications, length of hospital stay, hospitalisation cost and cure rate.
A total of 278 hospitalised paediatric patients were admitted in this study. The majority (56.47%) were 1-3 years old. Rural patients accounted for 67.99% in total; the ratio of boys to girls was 2.05. Scalding with hot fluids was the most common cause of burns in children (62.59%), followed by flame (17.63), fireworks (9.71%), electricity (5.76%) and other factors such as contact and chemical (4.32%). The living room was the location with the highest frequency of burns in children (53.24%). Burns were more likely to happen in winter and the upper extremities were the most involved anatomic site (53.24%). Total burn surface area (TBSA) ranging from 0% to 9% accounted for 55.4% in total. Rural patients underwent more operations and had longer and costlier hospital stays than urban patients.
Compared with treatment in urban areas, rural burn patients received less first-aid treatment, underwent more surgery, had more complications and longer and more costly hospital stays. This finding strongly suggests that it is necessary to make more efforts to prevent burns, especially in rural areas.
本研究旨在分析中国中南部地区儿童烧伤的流行病学情况，阐明农村和城市地区之间的差异，并识别减少儿童烧伤的预防措施。
数据来自2009年至2012年期间入住湘雅医院烧伤科的所有儿科患者。进行了回顾性研究，包括烧伤原因、院前治疗、烧伤发生地点、受累解剖部位、烧伤程度、受伤日期、手术次数、并发症、住院时间、住院费用和治愈率。
本研究共纳入278例住院儿科患者。大多数（56.47%）为1至3岁。农村患者占总数的67.99%；男女比例为2.05。热液烫伤是儿童烧伤最常见的原因（62.59%），其次是火焰（17.63%）、烟花（9.71%）、电击（5.76%）以及接触和化学等其他因素（4.32%）。客厅是儿童烧伤发生率最高的场所（53.24%）。烧伤在冬季更容易发生，上肢是最常受累的解剖部位（53.24%）。烧伤总面积（TBSA）在0%至9%之间的占总数的55.4%。农村患者比城市患者接受的手术更多，住院时间更长，费用更高。
与城市地区的治疗相比，农村烧伤患者接受的急救治疗较少，手术更多，并发症更多，住院时间更长，费用更高。这一发现强烈表明，有必要做出更多努力来预防烧伤，尤其是在农村地区。
