CRUK Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK.
Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2013 Oct;25(5):526-31. doi: 10.1016/j.ceb.2013.04.009. Epub 2013 Jun 7.
Eukaryotic chemotaxis is extremely complex. Cells can sense a wide range of stimuli, and many intracellular pathways are simultaneously involved. Recent genetic analyses of the steps between receptors and cytoskeleton, and how the cell controls actin and pseudopod behaviour, have yielded exciting new data but still no coherent understanding of chemotaxis. However, concentrating on pseudopods themselves and the physical processes that regulate them, rather than the internal signalling pathways, can simplify the data and help resolve the underlying mechanism. Direct action of electric fields and physical forces on cell migration suggest that mechanical forces and force-generating proteins like actin and myosin are centrally important in steering cells during chemotaxis.
真核生物的趋化性极其复杂。细胞可以感知广泛的刺激，并且有许多细胞内途径同时参与。最近对受体和细胞骨架之间的步骤以及细胞如何控制肌动蛋白和伪足行为的遗传分析，提供了令人兴奋的新数据，但仍然没有对趋化性形成一致的理解。然而，专注于伪足本身以及调节它们的物理过程，而不是内部信号通路，可以简化数据并有助于解决潜在的机制。电场和物理力对细胞迁移的直接作用表明，在趋化性过程中，机械力和产生力的蛋白质（如肌动蛋白和肌球蛋白）在引导细胞方面起着至关重要的作用。
