Fukuda Ryouichi
Department of Biotechnology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2013;77(6):1149-54. doi: 10.1271/bbb.130164. Epub 2013 Jun 7.
A potent ability to assimilate hydrophobic compounds, including n-alkanes and fatty acids as carbon sources, is one of important characteristics of the yeast Yarrowia lipolytica, and has been studied for both basic microbiological interest and biotechnological applications. This review summarizes recent progress on the metabolism of n-alkanes and its transcriptional control in response to n-alkanes and to fatty acids in Y. lipolytica. In the metabolism of n-alkanes, cytochromes P450ALK catalyze their initial hydroxylation to fatty alcohols, which are subsequently converted to fatty acids and utilized. The transcription of ALK1, encoding a predominant cytochrome P450ALK, is regulated in response to n-alkanes by two basic helix-loop-helix transcription activators, Yas1p and Yas2p, and Opi1-family transcription repressor Yas3p. Transcription of the genes involved in fatty acid utilization and peroxisome biogenesis is controlled by Ctf1-family Zn2Cys6 type transcription factor Por1p in response to fatty acids in Y. lipolytica.
解脂耶氏酵母的一个重要特性是具有强大的同化包括正构烷烃和脂肪酸在内的疏水化合物作为碳源的能力，并且已针对基础微生物学兴趣和生物技术应用进行了研究。本综述总结了解脂耶氏酵母中正构烷烃代谢及其响应正构烷烃和脂肪酸的转录调控方面的最新进展。在正构烷烃的代谢中，细胞色素P450ALK催化其最初羟基化为脂肪醇，随后脂肪醇被转化为脂肪酸并被利用。编码主要细胞色素P450ALK的ALK1的转录由两个碱性螺旋-环-螺旋转录激活因子Yas1p和Yas2p以及Opi1家族转录抑制因子Yas3p响应正构烷烃进行调控。参与脂肪酸利用和过氧化物酶体生物发生的基因的转录由Ctf1家族的Zn2Cys6型转录因子Por1p响应解脂耶氏酵母中的脂肪酸进行控制。
