ClinVet International, Universitas, South Africa.
Parasitol Res. 2013 Aug;112 Suppl 1:67-79. doi: 10.1007/s00436-013-3282-x.
The present study demonstrated the efficacy of a pour-on formulation of fluazuron 2.5 % and flumethrin 1 % (Drastic Deadline eXtreme®) against Rhipicephalus decoloratus and Rhipicephalus microplus on cattle on pasture previously grazed by experimentally infested animals. Six tick-free cattle were placed on the pasture and treated 7 days later (Day 0) with the pour-on. They were retreated on Days 63, 126 and 189 and monthly tick counts were done. Mean numbers of adult R. decoloratus and/or R. microplus decreased from 53 and 14 on Days 56 and 112 respectively to 2 or less on all other occasions including Day 254. Compared to the numbers of R. decoloratus and/or R. microplus larvae collected from vegetation in the previous year, larval numbers declined by 40.7 % on Day 28, and thereafter reduction remained between 84 % and 100 %. Pairs of tracer calves placed on the pasture for 7 days each month were then held in pens and adult ticks that detached collected. Reduction in the numbers of R. decoloratus collected from tracer animals was 75 % on Day 56 and remained above 93 % except for Day 224 when it temporarily decreased to 78.5 %. Reduction in the numbers of R. microplus was 97.5 % on Day 28 and remained above 98 % until the conclusion of the study on Day 254. Treatment with the pour-on formulation of fluazuron and flumethrin resulted in a marked decrease in the numbers of R. decoloratus and/or R. microplus on treated cattle followed by a reduction in the numbers of larvae questing on the vegetation and ticks picked up by tracer calves. No other potential host species for R. decoloratus and/or R. microplus were present in the camps.
本研究表明,在先前被实验感染动物放牧过的牧场上,使用 2.5%氟虫脲和 1%氟氯氰菊酯的滴剂(Drastic Deadline eXtreme®)处理牛,可以有效防治染色璃眼蜱和微小牛蜱。六头无蜱牛被放在牧场上,7 天后(第 0 天)用滴剂处理。它们在第 63、126 和 189 天再次处理,并进行每月蜱计数。成年染色璃眼蜱和/或微小牛蜱的平均数量从第 56 天的 53 只和第 112 天的 14 只分别减少到所有其他时间的 2 只或更少,包括第 254 天。与前一年从植被中收集到的染色璃眼蜱和/或微小牛蜱幼虫数量相比,第 28 天幼虫数量下降了 40.7%,此后下降幅度保持在 84%至 100%之间。然后,每月在牧场上放置一对追踪牛 7 天,然后将它们关在围栏中,收集脱落的成虫蜱。从追踪动物身上收集的染色璃眼蜱数量减少了 75%,除了第 224 天外,一直保持在 93%以上,第 224 天暂时下降到 78.5%。微小牛蜱数量减少了 97.5%,除了研究结束日(第 254 天)外,一直保持在 98%以上。使用氟虫脲和氟氯氰菊酯的滴剂处理,导致处理牛身上染色璃眼蜱和/或微小牛蜱的数量明显减少,随后在植被上寻找的幼虫数量减少,追踪牛身上采集的蜱数量减少。营地中没有其他可能成为染色璃眼蜱和/或微小牛蜱宿主的物种。