Pac-Kożuchowska Elżbieta
Klinika Pediatrii, Dziecięcy Szpital Kliniczny, ul. Chodźki 2, 20-093 Lublin.
Med Wieku Rozwoj. 2013 Jan-Mar;17(1):53-63.
The study aimed to compare the concentrations of triglycerides, total cholesterol and its fractions and apolipoproteins in cord blood serum in newborns and in blood serum in older children. The influence of gender, intrauterine development, nutritional status and diet on lipid parameters was also assessed.
The longitudinal study was performed in three stages. During stage I the tests were carried out in 137 newborns after birth. Stage II of the study included 41 children aged 18-30 months, and stage III covered 47 children aged 5-6 years. Due to the long-term and multi-stage study, in the evaluation of the results, only 41 children were included; they were only the ones who participated in all three stages, and the test results of whom were complete. In newborns, the gestational age and the birth weight were evaluated. In the older children, the nutritional status was rated by measuring the Body Mass Index and the skin folds thickness as well as the nutrition from birth was assessed. In all of the studied children the concentration of triglycerides, total cholesterol and its fractions: HDL, LDL and VLDL cholesterol and apolipoproteins (AI and B) were measured.
The concentrations of lipids, lipoproteins and apolipoproteins in serum increase during the first years of children's life as compared with the values of cord blood serum (p<0.001). Differences in the concentration of lipids and lipoproteins in cord blood serum in the newborns were noticed with relation to gender and birth weight. No fundamental statistical differences were shown between the studied parameters in older children with relation to the gender, nutritional status and the method of feeding after the birth.
Based on the long-term studies in this group of children, one may conclude that the gender and birth weight have the largest effect on the lipid parameters in the cord blood. However, the gender, the nutritional status and the method of feeding after birth were not related with lipid metabolism. It seems advisable to continue further studies in the same group of children in order to assess the impact of environmental factors on selected parameters of lipid metabolism.
本研究旨在比较新生儿脐血血清与大龄儿童血清中甘油三酯、总胆固醇及其组分和载脂蛋白的浓度。同时评估性别、宫内发育、营养状况和饮食对血脂参数的影响。
该纵向研究分三个阶段进行。在第一阶段，对137名新生儿出生后进行检测。研究的第二阶段包括41名18 - 30个月大的儿童，第三阶段涵盖47名5 - 6岁的儿童。由于该研究的长期性和多阶段性，在结果评估中，仅纳入了41名儿童；他们是参与了所有三个阶段且测试结果完整的儿童。对新生儿评估其胎龄和出生体重。对大龄儿童，通过测量体重指数和皮褶厚度来评定营养状况，并评估出生后的营养情况。对所有研究儿童测量甘油三酯、总胆固醇及其组分：高密度脂蛋白、低密度脂蛋白和极低密度脂蛋白胆固醇以及载脂蛋白（AⅠ和B）的浓度。
与脐血血清值相比，儿童生命最初几年血清中脂质、脂蛋白和载脂蛋白的浓度升高（p<0.001）。新生儿脐血血清中脂质和脂蛋白浓度在性别和出生体重方面存在差异。在大龄儿童中，所研究参数在性别、营养状况和出生后的喂养方式方面未显示出基本的统计学差异。
基于对这组儿童的长期研究，可以得出结论，性别和出生体重对脐血中的血脂参数影响最大。然而，性别、营养状况和出生后的喂养方式与脂质代谢无关。继续对同一组儿童进行进一步研究以评估环境因素对脂质代谢选定参数的影响似乎是可取的。
