Arora Kavita Shah, Blake Valarie
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
American Medical Association, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
J Med Ethics. 2014 Jun;40(6):396-400. doi: 10.1136/medethics-2013-101400. Epub 2013 Jun 12.
Moving forward rapidly in the clinical research phase, uterus transplantation may be a future treatment option for women with uterine factor infertility, which accounts for three per cent of all infertility in women. This new method of treatment would allow women, who currently rely on gestational surrogacy or adoption, to gestate and birth their own genetic offspring. Since uterus transplantation carries significant risk when compared with surrogacy and adoption as well as when compared with other organ transplants, it requires greater justification because its goals are quality of life, not life-saving, in their scope. It is important to address questions regarding the physical, psychosocial and ethical risks and benefits of uterus transplantation for all three parties involved--the patient, the donor and the potential child--as well as discuss the regulatory implications as research on uterus transplantations moves forward.
在临床研究阶段迅速推进的子宫移植，可能会成为子宫因素不孕症女性未来的一种治疗选择，子宫因素不孕症占女性不孕症总数的3%。这种新的治疗方法将使目前依赖代孕或领养的女性能够孕育并生下自己的亲生孩子。由于与代孕和领养相比，以及与其他器官移植相比，子宫移植都存在重大风险，因此需要更充分的理由，因为其目标是生活质量，而非挽救生命。对于涉及的三方——患者、捐赠者和潜在的孩子——而言，解决有关子宫移植的身体、心理社会和伦理风险及益处的问题，并随着子宫移植研究的推进讨论监管方面的影响，是很重要的。
