Baghirath P V, Krishna A B, Gannepalli A, Ali M M
Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Paninneya Dental College and Research Centre, Hyderabad, India,
Eur Arch Paediatr Dent. 2013 Dec;14(6):389-95. doi: 10.1007/s40368-013-0028-5. Epub 2013 Jun 13.
To assess and compare the oral manifestations of HIV-infected paediatric patients undergoing ART (anti-retroviral therapy) and those not undergoing ART.
A cross-sectional study was conducted amongst the 5-12 years old, HIV positive children (receiving and not receiving ART) registered at Nireekshana ART centre, Hyderabad and HIV negative children enrolled in a nearby school. HIV-related oral lesions were diagnosed according to WHO criteria. Information on age, gender, place of residence (urban/rural), socio-economic status, duration of HIV infection, duration of ART therapy, use of traditional medicine, presence of HIV-related systemic disease was recorded. CD4+ cell count was also determined for each subject. Chi-square test, stepwise multiple linear and logistic regression were used for statistical analysis. For all tests, confidence interval and p value were set at 95 % and p ≤ 0.05, respectively.
Twelve percent and 21.3 % of the study participants were on short-term and long-term ART (Group I), respectively. A greater proportion of HIV patients receiving treatment had CD4+ cell counts of more than 750 cells/mm(3). Nearly 81.3 % of HIV patients receiving long-term therapy did not have any oral lesions. Around half of the participants not receiving treatment suffered from HIV-related oral lesions. The best predictors for presence of oral lesions were socio-economic status, group (ART treatment), duration of HIV infection and CD4+ cell count.
The results of the present study demonstrated that ART proved to be effective in reducing the prevalence of HIV-related oral lesions.
评估并比较接受抗逆转录病毒治疗（ART）和未接受ART的HIV感染儿科患者的口腔表现。
对在海得拉巴的尼瑞克斯纳ART中心登记的5至12岁HIV阳性儿童（接受和未接受ART）以及附近学校招募的HIV阴性儿童进行了一项横断面研究。根据世界卫生组织标准诊断与HIV相关的口腔病变。记录了年龄、性别、居住地点（城市/农村）、社会经济状况、HIV感染持续时间、ART治疗持续时间、传统药物使用情况、是否存在与HIV相关的全身性疾病。还测定了每个受试者的CD4 +细胞计数。采用卡方检验、逐步多元线性和逻辑回归进行统计分析。对于所有检验，置信区间和p值分别设定为95%和p≤0.05。
分别有12%和21.3%的研究参与者接受短期和长期ART（第一组）。接受治疗的HIV患者中，CD4 +细胞计数超过750个细胞/mm³的比例更高。接受长期治疗的HIV患者中，近81.3%没有任何口腔病变。未接受治疗的参与者中约有一半患有与HIV相关的口腔病变。口腔病变存在的最佳预测因素是社会经济状况、组别（ART治疗）、HIV感染持续时间和CD4 +细胞计数。
本研究结果表明，ART被证明在降低与HIV相关的口腔病变患病率方面是有效的。
