National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark. Center for Microbial Biotechnology, Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
Environ Microbiol Rep. 2011 Oct;3(5):559-64. doi: 10.1111/j.1758-2229.2011.00259.x. Epub 2011 May 9.
Vibrio coralliilyticus is a putative coral pathogen in tropical oceans, but also possesses antagonistic traits. We previously reported antibacterial activity in Vibrio coralliilyticus strain S2052 based upon the antibiotic andrimid. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether V. coralliilyticus S2052 produces the antibiotic under conditions mimicking natural habitats of vibrios. S2052 synthesized andrimid with both chitin and macroalgal extracts as sole nutrient source. With chitin, the biosynthesis of metabolites other than andrimid was largely abolished, and the yield of the antibiotic per cell was twofold higher. In cultures with Artemia as live chitin model system, S2052 reached up to 10(8) cells ml(-1) , produced andrimid and showed attachment to the exoskeleton and chitinous exuviae. The metabolic focus on andrimid production with chitin indicates that the antibiotic could serve an ecophysiological function. S2052 was compared with two related V. coralliilyticus strains (LMG20984(T) and LMG10953). Despite overall similar secondary metabolomes, LMG20984(T) and LMG10953 did not produce andrimid, and their optimum biosynthetic temperature was 30 as compared with 25°C for S2052. In addition, S2052 appeared less pathogenic towards Artemia than reported for the type strain. Different physiologies of S2052 and closely related strains indicated that V. coralliilyticus subspecies may be adapted to different niches.
海葵弧菌是热带海洋中的一种假定珊瑚病原体，但也具有拮抗特性。我们之前曾报道过基于抗生素 andrimid 的海葵弧菌 S2052 的抗菌活性。本研究的目的是确定海葵弧菌 S2052 是否在模拟弧菌自然栖息地的条件下产生抗生素。S2052 以甲壳素和大型藻类提取物为唯一营养源合成 andrimid。使用甲壳素时，除 andrimid 以外的代谢物的生物合成基本上被废除，并且每个细胞产生的抗生素产量增加了两倍。在以卤虫作为活甲壳素模型系统的培养物中，S2052 达到了 10(8) 个细胞 ml(-1) ，产生了 andrimid 并显示出对外壳和甲壳质蜕壳的附着。对甲壳素上 andrimid 产生的代谢重点表明，该抗生素可能具有生态生理功能。S2052 与两种相关的海葵弧菌菌株（LMG20984(T)和 LMG10953）进行了比较。尽管总体上具有相似的次生代谢物组，但 LMG20984(T)和 LMG10953 不产生 andrimid，其最佳生物合成温度为 30°C，而 S2052 的最佳生物合成温度为 25°C。此外，与报告的海葵弧菌的模式株相比，S2052 对卤虫的致病性似乎较低。S2052 和密切相关的菌株的不同生理特性表明，海葵弧菌亚种可能适应不同的生态位。
