Busari Jamiu O
Department of Educational Development and Research, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Adv Med Educ Pract. 2012 Dec 3;3:121-7. doi: 10.2147/AMEP.S38166. Print 2012.
Quality assurance (QA) in higher medical education involves the development, sustenance, improvement, and evaluation of the standard of training of medical professionals. In health care delivery, QA focuses on guaranteeing and maintaining a high standard of the service provided in different health care systems. When the service delivered by the care provider is in accordance with what the recipients of health care expect, then quality in health care is considered to be present. There are several factors in higher medical education and health care that are responsible for the emergence of QA. These include externally imposed obligations requiring demonstration of public accountability and responsibility from educational institutions, as well as the need for activity-specific information by policy makers as an aid for important decision-making within educational institutions. In health care delivery on the other hand, the emergence of QA is linked to the need for containing rising health care costs in the face of limited resources and to guaranteeing high quality patient care in a changing health care environment where the power relationship between doctors and patients is shifting towards patients. Although medical education can be regarded as a distinct entity in the health care industry, it still remains an inherent part of the health care delivery system. As a result, different strategies aimed at guaranteeing and assuring high standards of health care and education in many countries tend to overlap. This paper reflects on whether quality assurance in health care delivery and medical education should be seen as separate entities.
高等医学教育中的质量保证(QA)涉及医学专业人员培训标准的制定、维持、改进和评估。在医疗服务提供方面,质量保证侧重于确保和维持不同医疗系统所提供服务的高标准。当医疗服务提供者提供的服务符合医疗保健接受者的期望时,医疗保健质量就被认为是存在的。高等医学教育和医疗保健中有几个因素导致了质量保证的出现。这些因素包括外部施加的义务,要求教育机构证明其公共问责制和责任,以及政策制定者对特定活动信息的需求,作为教育机构内重要决策的辅助依据。另一方面,在医疗服务提供中,质量保证的出现与面对有限资源控制不断上升的医疗成本的需求以及在医患权力关系向患者转移的不断变化的医疗环境中保证高质量患者护理的需求有关。尽管医学教育在医疗行业中可被视为一个独特的实体,但它仍然是医疗服务提供系统的一个固有组成部分。因此,许多国家旨在确保和保证高标准医疗保健和教育的不同策略往往相互重叠。本文思考了医疗服务提供和医学教育中的质量保证是否应被视为独立的实体。