Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, State University of Maringá, 870020-900 Maringá, PR, Brazil.
Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2013;2013:859083. doi: 10.1155/2013/859083. Epub 2013 May 15.
The genus Citrus (Rutaceae) includes several species of plants that produce some of the most cultivated fruits in the world, providing an appreciable content of essential oil. In folk medicine, they are used as a cholagogue, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, sedative, and antitoxic effects. Lemon essential oil has been used since ancient times for its antiseptic, carminative, diuretic, and eupeptic effects. In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory activity of Citrus latifolia Tanaka essential oil (CLEO) and its main constituent LIM. In the cell viability assay, CLEO and LIM (3, 10, 30, and 90 μ g/mL) had low cytotoxicity. In zymosan-induced peritonitis, LIM (500 mg/kg) decreased the infiltration of peritoneal exudate leukocytes and decreased the number of polymorphonuclear leukocytes. In vitro chemotaxis revealed that CLEO and LIM (1, 3, and 10 µg/mL) promoted a significant reduction of neutrophil migration toward fMLP and LTB4. LIM (500 mg/kg) also reduced TNF- α levels but did not alter IL-10 levels in the peritoneal exudate. In conclusion, this study showed that LIM isolated from CLEO had potential anti-inflammatory effects, likely by inhibiting proinflammatory mediators present in inflammatory exudate and leukocyte chemotaxis.
柑橘属（芸香科）包括几种植物，这些植物产生了世界上一些最主要的栽培水果，提供了相当可观的精油含量。在民间医学中，它们被用作利胆药、退热剂、消炎药、镇静剂和解毒剂。柠檬精油自古以来就因其防腐、芳香化湿、利尿和开胃的作用而被使用。在这项研究中，我们研究了柑橘属宽皮橘精油（CLEO）及其主要成分 LIM 的抗炎活性。在细胞活力测定中，CLEO 和 LIM（3、10、30 和 90μg/ml）的细胞毒性较低。在酵母聚糖诱导的腹膜炎中，LIM（500mg/kg）减少了腹腔渗出液白细胞的浸润，减少了多形核白细胞的数量。体外趋化性试验表明，CLEO 和 LIM（1、3 和 10μg/ml）显著促进了中性粒细胞向 fMLP 和 LTB4 的迁移。LIM（500mg/kg）还降低了腹腔渗出液中的 TNF-α 水平，但不改变 IL-10 水平。综上所述，本研究表明，从 CLEO 中分离出的 LIM 具有潜在的抗炎作用，可能是通过抑制炎症渗出物和白细胞趋化性中的促炎介质。
