Sohrabji F, Williams M
Women's Health in Neuroscience Program, Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, TAMHSC College of Medicine, Bryan, TX, USA.
J Neuroendocrinol. 2013 Nov;25(11):1173-81. doi: 10.1111/jne.12059.
Oestrogen has been shown to be neuroprotective for stroke and other neural injury models. Oestrogen promotes a neuroprotective phenotype through myriad actions, including stimulating neurogenesis, promoting neuronal differentiation and survival, suppressing neuroinflammation and maintaining the integrity of the blood-brain barrier. At the molecular level, oestrogen directly modulates genes that are beneficial for repair and regeneration via the canonical oestrogen receptor. Increasingly, evidence indicates that oestrogen acts in concert with growth factors to initiate neuroprotection. Oestrogen and insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 act cooperatively to influence cell survival, and combined steroid hormone/growth factor interaction has been well documented in the context of neurones and astrocytes. Here, we summarise the evidence that oestrogen-mediated neuroprotection is critically dependent on IGF-1 signalling, and specifically focus on microglia as the source of IGF-1 and the locus of oestrogen-IGF-1 interactions in stroke neuroprotection.
雌激素已被证明对中风和其他神经损伤模型具有神经保护作用。雌激素通过多种作用促进神经保护表型，包括刺激神经发生、促进神经元分化和存活、抑制神经炎症以及维持血脑屏障的完整性。在分子水平上，雌激素通过经典雌激素受体直接调节对修复和再生有益的基因。越来越多的证据表明，雌激素与生长因子协同作用以启动神经保护。雌激素和胰岛素样生长因子（IGF）-1协同作用影响细胞存活，并且类固醇激素/生长因子的联合相互作用在神经元和星形胶质细胞的背景下已有充分记录。在这里，我们总结了雌激素介导的神经保护关键依赖于IGF-1信号传导的证据，并特别关注小胶质细胞作为IGF-1的来源以及中风神经保护中雌激素-IGF-1相互作用的位点。
