Aalund O, Danielsen L, Sanhueza R O
Department of Dermatology and Venerology, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Forensic Sci Int. 1990 Jul;46(3):189-202. doi: 10.1016/0379-0738(90)90305-i.
An analysis was made over a period of 6 months of the incidents involving deliberate violence as registered in 'Vicaria', the clinic for out-patients within the Cathedral of Santiago de Chile. A total of 236 victims of deliberate violence were observed. Men aged 15-24 years were found to be victims of deliberate violence most frequently. 'Under education' was the most frequently registered occupation for both sexes, and a large group of male victims were 'Unemployed'. 82% of the victims were men and 14% women, 1.5% were boys and 1.5% girls less than or equal to 14 years of age. None of the victims were alcohol intoxicated when arriving in the clinic. The incidents took place in streets for 81% of the male victims and 79% of the female victims, and in the majority of the cases the aggressor(s) was one (or several) police officer(s). Six percent of the female victims had been injured at home. There was no reporting of the aggressor being a relative or acquaintance. The most frequent type of violence was blunt violence from baton(s) (44%), while blunt violence without the use of instruments was reported less frequently (33%). The use of firearms was registered in 18% of the cases, and of sharp instruments, combustion, electro-shock and chain in 1.4%, 1.4%, 1.1% and 0.4% of the cases respectively. A total of 517 primary and secondary diagnoses were applied to the patients. Most of the victims (99%) had moderate or less serious lesions according to the Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) (score less than or equal to 2). Twenty-four percent of the victims had more than 4 lesions, and 7% more than 10 lesions. The head/neck region and the trunk were affected with equal frequency, the frequency of injuries of the head/neck region being comparable with that observed among torture victims and in contrast to the pronounced predominance of injuries of the head/neck region observed in a Danish emergency ward study of deliberate violence.
对智利圣地亚哥大教堂门诊诊所“Vicaria”登记的6个月期间涉及蓄意暴力的事件进行了分析。共观察到236名蓄意暴力受害者。发现15至24岁的男性是蓄意暴力最常见的受害者。“受教育程度低”是男女最常见的登记职业，一大群男性受害者是“失业者”。82%的受害者是男性，14%是女性，1.5%是14岁及以下的男孩，1.5%是女孩。受害者到达诊所时均未处于酒精中毒状态。81%的男性受害者和79%的女性受害者的事件发生在街道上，在大多数情况下，攻击者是一名（或几名）警察。6%的女性受害者在家中受伤。没有报告攻击者是亲属或熟人。最常见的暴力类型是警棍钝器暴力（44%），而不使用器械的钝器暴力报告较少（33%）。18%的案件登记使用了枪支，分别有1.4%、1.4%、1.1%和0.4%的案件登记使用了锐器、燃烧物、电击器和链条。共对患者进行了517项初级和次级诊断。根据简明损伤分级（AIS）（评分小于或等于2），大多数受害者（99%）有中度或不太严重的损伤。24%的受害者有4处以上损伤，7%的受害者有10处以上损伤。头部/颈部区域和躯干受影响的频率相同，头部/颈部区域的受伤频率与在酷刑受害者中观察到的频率相当，与丹麦急诊病房对蓄意暴力的研究中观察到的头部/颈部区域受伤明显占主导地位形成对比。
