Psychology Department, University of Toronto at Mississauga, 100 St. George Street, Sidney Smith Hall, 4th Floor, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G3, Canada.
Appetite. 2013 Oct;69:145-50. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2013.06.002. Epub 2013 Jun 10.
Weight, eating attitudes, and depression were assessed in male and female students over the 4 years of university attendance, and the relation of weight changes to eating attitudes and depression was explored using self-report measures (Restraint Scale, EDI, CES-D) collected at six time points during the university years. Results showed that, in general, weight increased between year one and year four of university attendance for both men and women, with men gaining an average of 4.1 kg and women gaining an average of 3.2 kg. Weight gain was associated with increased body dissatisfaction and negative eating attitudes among women, whereas weight loss was associated with decreased negative eating attitudes. Well-being and eating attitudes of men who gained weight did not differ, either initially or at year four, from those of men who remained weight stable, whereas men who lost weight reported higher negative eating attitudes both initially and at year four. Weight gain, therefore, appears to be associated with negative outcomes, including greater preoccupation with eating and weight, for women, but not for men, while weight loss improves the attitudes only of women.
在大学四年期间，评估了男性和女性学生的体重、饮食态度和抑郁情况，并使用自我报告的措施（约束量表、EDI、CES-D）在大学期间的六个时间点收集了体重变化与饮食态度和抑郁的关系。结果表明，总体而言，男性和女性的体重从大学一年级到四年级都有所增加，男性平均增加了 4.1 公斤，女性平均增加了 3.2 公斤。体重增加与女性的身体不满和负面饮食态度有关，而体重减轻与负面饮食态度减少有关。体重增加的男性的幸福感和饮食态度与体重稳定的男性没有区别，无论是最初还是在第四年，而体重减轻的男性在最初和第四年均报告了更高的负面饮食态度。因此，体重增加似乎与负面结果有关，包括女性对饮食和体重的过度关注，但男性则没有，而体重减轻仅改善了女性的态度。
