Provencher Véronique, Polivy Janet, Wintre Maxine Gallander, Pratt Michael W, Pancer S Mark, Birnie-Lefcovitch Shelly, Adams Gerald R
Psychology Department, University of Toronto at Mississauga, Mississauga, ON, Canada.
Physiol Behav. 2009 Jan 8;96(1):135-41. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2008.09.011. Epub 2008 Sep 16.
Self-reported weight changes over 7 months and their relation to psychosocial characteristics (self-esteem, depression, social support, perceived stress and transition perception) and eating attitudes and behaviors (restrained eating and Eating Disorder Inventory subscales [EDI]) were assessed in first-year male and female students at six Canadian universities (N=2753). Results showed small but significant weight increases over time in males and females (M=1.5 kg). Males who lost weight versus those who gained reported greater negative well-being and more negative feelings about university transition. Females who either lost or gained weight had higher initial restraint and EDI scores than did weight maintainers. At 3 months, total EDI and body dissatisfaction increased in female weight gainers compared to weight losers, plus greater drive for thinness compared to weight maintainers. Thus, males distressed at the transition from high school to university appear more likely to lose weight while well-adjusted males are more likely to gain weight. For females, however, weight gain is associated with more negative well-being and preoccupations with weight and eating.
对加拿大六所大学的一年级男女学生（N = 2753）进行了为期7个月的自我报告体重变化评估，以及这些变化与心理社会特征（自尊、抑郁、社会支持、感知压力和过渡认知）和饮食态度及行为（节食和饮食失调量表[EDI]分量表）之间的关系评估。结果显示，随着时间推移，男性和女性的体重均有小幅但显著的增加（M = 1.5千克）。与体重增加的男性相比，体重减轻的男性报告的幸福感更低，对大学过渡的负面感受更多。体重减轻或增加的女性比体重保持稳定的女性初始节食和EDI得分更高。在3个月时，与体重减轻的女性相比，体重增加的女性的EDI总分和身体不满感增加，与体重保持稳定的女性相比，追求瘦身的动力更强。因此，从高中过渡到大学时感到困扰的男性似乎更有可能体重减轻，而适应良好的男性则更有可能体重增加。然而，对于女性来说，体重增加与更多的负面幸福感以及对体重和饮食的过度关注有关。
