Cui C, Shen C J, Jia G, Wang K N
Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, PR China.
Genet Mol Res. 2013 May 23;12(2):1766-76. doi: 10.4238/2013.May.23.1.
The ratio of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes bacterial groups in the gut can affect the ability to absorb nutrients. We investigated the effect of probiotic Bacillus subtilis supplementation of diets on growth performance, fat deposition, blood lipids, copy numbers, and percentage of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes in cecal contents, as well as mRNA expression of key lipid metabolism enzymes in the liver and adipose tissue of finishing pigs. Twenty-four Duroc x Meishan crossbreed 8-week-old pigs (10.28 ± 0.59 kg) were randomly allocated to two dietary treatments: maize-soybean meal-based diets with B. subtilis (probiotic group) and without B. subtilis (control group). The probiotic diet led to a significant increase in the average daily gain and feed conversion ratio of pigs weighing 10 to 110 kg. The mean backfat depth was increased while leaf lard weights were decreased by probiotic supplementation. Ingestion of probiotics decreased the serum triglyceride and glucose concentrations, but did not change the levels of total cholesterol and free fatty acids in the serum. The mRNA expressions of fatty acid synthase (FAS) and acetyl-CoA carboxylase α (ACCα) in the liver were down-regulated by the dietary probiotic supplement. Conversely, the gene expressions of FAS and ACCα in the adipose tissue increased. The probiotic diet decreased the copy numbers and percentage of Bacteroidetes, while it increased the percentage of Firmicutes in the cecal contents. We conclude that the addition of B. subtilis improves growth performance and up-regulates lipid metabolism in subcutaneous fat of finishing pigs. We conclude that B. subtilis affects lipid metabolism through regulation of the proportion of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes in the gut.
肠道中拟杆菌门和厚壁菌门细菌群的比例会影响营养吸收能力。我们研究了在日粮中添加益生菌枯草芽孢杆菌对生长性能、脂肪沉积、血脂、盲肠内容物中拟杆菌门和厚壁菌门的拷贝数及百分比，以及育肥猪肝脏和脂肪组织中关键脂质代谢酶的mRNA表达的影响。将24头8周龄的杜洛克×梅山杂交猪（体重10.28±0.59千克）随机分为两种日粮处理组：添加枯草芽孢杆菌的玉米-豆粕型日粮（益生菌组）和不添加枯草芽孢杆菌的日粮（对照组）。益生菌日粮使体重10至110千克的猪的平均日增重和饲料转化率显著提高。补充益生菌使平均背膘厚度增加，而板油重量减少。摄入益生菌降低了血清甘油三酯和葡萄糖浓度，但未改变血清总胆固醇和游离脂肪酸水平。日粮添加益生菌使肝脏中脂肪酸合酶（FAS）和乙酰辅酶A羧化酶α（ACCα）的mRNA表达下调。相反，脂肪组织中FAS和ACCα的基因表达增加。益生菌日粮降低了盲肠内容物中拟杆菌门的拷贝数和百分比，同时增加了厚壁菌门的百分比。我们得出结论，添加枯草芽孢杆菌可改善育肥猪的生长性能并上调皮下脂肪中的脂质代谢。我们得出结论，枯草芽孢杆菌通过调节肠道中拟杆菌门和厚壁菌门的比例来影响脂质代谢。
