Olsen Mette Frahm, Tesfaye Markos, Kaestel Pernille, Friis Henrik, Holm Lotte
Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
Patient Prefer Adherence. 2013 Jun 5;7:481-8. doi: 10.2147/PPA.S44413. Print 2013.
Ready-to-use supplementary foods (RUSF) are used increasingly in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) programs, but little is known about how it is used and viewed by patients. We used qualitative methods to explore the use, perceptions, and acceptability of RUSF among adult HIV patients in Jimma, Ethiopia.
The study obtained data from direct observations and 24 in-depth interviews with HIV patients receiving RUSF.
Participants were generally very motivated to take RUSF and viewed it as beneficial. RUSF was described as a means to fill a nutritional gap, to "rebuild the body," and protect it from harmful effects of antiretroviral treatment (ART). Many experienced nausea and vomiting when starting the supplement. This caused some to stop supplementation, but the majority adapted to RUSF. The supplement was eaten separately from meal situations and only had a little influence on household food practices. RUSF was described as food with "medicinal qualities," which meant that many social and religious conventions related to food did not apply to it. The main concerns about RUSF related to the risk of HIV disclosure and its social consequences.
HIV patients view RUSF in a context of competing livelihood needs. RUSF intake was motivated by a strong wish to get well, while the risk of HIV disclosure caused concerns. Despite the motivation for improving health, the preservation of social networks was prioritized, and nondisclosure was often a necessary strategy. Food sharing and religious fasting practices were not barriers to the acceptability of RUSF. This study highlights the importance of ensuring that supplementation strategies, like other HIV services, are compatible with the sociocultural context of patients.
即食补充食品（RUSF）在人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）项目中的使用越来越多，但对于患者如何使用以及如何看待它却知之甚少。我们采用定性方法，探索了埃塞俄比亚吉马地区成年HIV患者对RUSF的使用情况、看法及可接受性。
该研究通过直接观察以及对接受RUSF的HIV患者进行24次深入访谈来获取数据。
参与者普遍非常积极地服用RUSF，并认为其有益。RUSF被描述为填补营养缺口、“重塑身体”以及保护身体免受抗逆转录病毒治疗（ART）有害影响的一种方式。许多人在开始服用补充剂时出现恶心和呕吐。这导致一些人停止补充，但大多数人适应了RUSF。补充剂与用餐分开食用，对家庭饮食行为的影响很小。RUSF被描述为具有“药用特性”的食物，这意味着许多与食物相关的社会和宗教习俗不适用于它。对RUSF的主要担忧与HIV暴露风险及其社会后果有关。
HIV患者在生计需求相互竞争的背景下看待RUSF。服用RUSF的动机是强烈的康复愿望，而HIV暴露风险引发了担忧。尽管有改善健康的动机，但维护社会关系网络被优先考虑，不暴露往往是一种必要策略。食物分享和宗教禁食习俗并非RUSF可接受性的障碍。本研究强调了确保补充策略与其他HIV服务一样，与患者的社会文化背景相适应的重要性。
